{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK","short_pith_number":"pith:YPX6PJE6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.02927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-05-08T10:04:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d29f702f510f4785a1d51d52fad62b75b2b614fd9e125d3550648ee749c1fbbd","abstract_canon_sha256":"d48c60fac6bc878f496ba33d7118003a482a98ffce5af250f7f7508a80496e95"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c3efe7a49e5e172b1c2f021e97947a82bff3d90e90f1b873e7f27520832d9360","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.02927","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.02927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.02927v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.02927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YPX6PJE6LYLS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YPX6PJE6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.02927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-05-08T10:04:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d29f702f510f4785a1d51d52fad62b75b2b614fd9e125d3550648ee749c1fbbd","abstract_canon_sha256":"d48c60fac6bc878f496ba33d7118003a482a98ffce5af250f7f7508a80496e95"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c3efe7a49e5e172b1c2f021e97947a82bff3d90e90f1b873e7f27520832d9360","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35.213802Z","signature_b64":"DnuqveB5QKeQOxDYazq1n8SEx3BVZcYs9HjWp5Uoz4DhkXpCERKvj74/yj0yZbJKedqo5Y5VuC19KSpZoGHjDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c3efe7a49e5e172b1c2f021e97947a82bff3d90e90f1b873e7f27520832d9360","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35.213136Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35.213136Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.02927","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LEL8H5tbVIJBNJyKW6IXp+M3Wy/pqj91GwphiQUz19LHCVn9DTM9j7guvfRt+wFRUptff0IaPp6ZXDX1yYCADA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T13:47:12.952134Z"},"content_sha256":"488c41545fc017fca0455fa1f712d4400a5a13f3abb5b8ce8e66eacfe05a1719","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:488c41545fc017fca0455fa1f712d4400a5a13f3abb5b8ce8e66eacfe05a1719"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Levitated Nanoparticles for Microscopic Thermodynamics - A Review","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"James Millen, Jan Gieseler","submitted_at":"2018-05-08T10:04:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this article, we review the current state of the art in using levitated nanoparticles to answer questions related to thermodynamics and non-equilibrium physics. We begin in Section 2 with a summary of the relevant deterministic and stochastic forces, which determine the particle dynamics and allow for control of the particle. In Section 3 we give a brief review of the stochastic (i.e. Brownian) motion of levitated particles, since the Brownian particle is fundamental to the theory of stochastic thermodynamics. Then we discuss the stability of the trapped particles and the related Kramers es"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.02927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G0LOKTlM3pZQWf39Dg6+/M7eJYRXUpAzenFHp+GcKNS/3rDVjDyp8EuA9nqGB3nh1PTkIj2pMkBzGIoKpBOZCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T13:47:12.952505Z"},"content_sha256":"4f86f7a8e49b1e179df02ccc4ff659f76f63f781bf6cd35a1c901613645c3044","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4f86f7a8e49b1e179df02ccc4ff659f76f63f781bf6cd35a1c901613645c3044"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T13:47:12Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBPAIPJPFD2QK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d48c60fac6bc878f496ba33d7118003a482a98ffce5af250f7f7508a80496e95","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-05-08T10:04:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"d29f702f510f4785a1d51d52fad62b75b2b614fd9e125d3550648ee749c1fbbd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.02927","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.02927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.02927v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.02927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YPX6PJE6LYLS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YPX6PJE6LYLSWHBP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YPX6PJE6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4f86f7a8e49b1e179df02ccc4ff659f76f63f781bf6cd35a1c901613645c3044","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this article, we review the current state of the art in using levitated nanoparticles to answer questions related to thermodynamics and non-equilibrium physics. We begin in Section 2 with a summary of the relevant deterministic and stochastic forces, which determine the particle dynamics and allow for control of the particle. In Section 3 we give a brief review of the stochastic (i.e. Brownian) motion of levitated particles, since the Brownian particle is fundamental to the theory of stochastic thermodynamics. Then we discuss the stability of the trapped particles and the related Kramers es","authors_text":"James Millen, Jan Gieseler","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-05-08T10:04:43Z","title":"Levitated Nanoparticles for Microscopic Thermodynamics - A Review"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.02927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:488c41545fc017fca0455fa1f712d4400a5a13f3abb5b8ce8e66eacfe05a1719","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d48c60fac6bc878f496ba33d7118003a482a98ffce5af250f7f7508a80496e95","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-05-08T10:04:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"d29f702f510f4785a1d51d52fad62b75b2b614fd9e125d3550648ee749c1fbbd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.02927","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c3efe7a49e5e172b1c2f021e97947a82bff3d90e90f1b873e7f27520832d9360","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c3efe7a49e5e172b1c2f021e97947a82bff3d90e90f1b873e7f27520832d9360","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35.213136Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35.213136Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"DnuqveB5QKeQOxDYazq1n8SEx3BVZcYs9HjWp5Uoz4DhkXpCERKvj74/yj0yZbJKedqo5Y5VuC19KSpZoGHjDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:35.213802Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.02927","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:488c41545fc017fca0455fa1f712d4400a5a13f3abb5b8ce8e66eacfe05a1719","sha256:4f86f7a8e49b1e179df02ccc4ff659f76f63f781bf6cd35a1c901613645c3044"],"state_sha256":"d6fb88eb2d038300bc26022665c46960917f41394b03e4c441996af4884cf898"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Rjg2qjeA5mwtLdiTKc+HhihhIHwSf0UajxuVU/azIEZhimGODhwWwBCbL0SeMYQImxSy2zKVwk7RKBfvdpw3BA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T13:47:12.954457Z","bundle_sha256":"11f550265f7c0c5757fe82be88a921a47ec7df065b52ff4578cb08dec4363cce"}}