{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV","short_pith_number":"pith:YPYOF6IZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2308.08456","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-08-16T16:03:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"423c124e9af5216d22bb75dbc68dbdda4ce39e09568664e4b8dbf2717b322d35","abstract_canon_sha256":"f9dcb57af444ca2ac0ea0cedd43febf07cd18a7e5f252e7b732ff7ee23e787f4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c3f0e2f9191c7934f5ec9dcb81d59d0d65a55ecd5fd757610a2f665eb1fd6994","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2308.08456","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2308.08456","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2308.08456v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2308.08456","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YPYOF6IZDR4T","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PM","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YPYOF6IZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2308.08456","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-08-16T16:03:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"423c124e9af5216d22bb75dbc68dbdda4ce39e09568664e4b8dbf2717b322d35","abstract_canon_sha256":"f9dcb57af444ca2ac0ea0cedd43febf07cd18a7e5f252e7b732ff7ee23e787f4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c3f0e2f9191c7934f5ec9dcb81d59d0d65a55ecd5fd757610a2f665eb1fd6994","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42.533349Z","signature_b64":"8ZioU89wZ7ue1CbQwmUauOxu9ydNwVjPjQq5nCz4n119UQlrN/2iSwv2iINkoh9hWzxTlRQibjv9w4XOY13mCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c3f0e2f9191c7934f5ec9dcb81d59d0d65a55ecd5fd757610a2f665eb1fd6994","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42.532791Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42.532791Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2308.08456","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WkcjJzREPPZXT0yKfqPIwZBfrNvMNTN2IgFpDb2NYvEcLyduM0NWIDTno8AJggGpN5ejrKiRXBP95uOmNYmrCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T17:45:06.181904Z"},"content_sha256":"6acbe48822d5b2c1ee565c8fc5167b6aa3430382ab6981a443922e41c8431d8d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6acbe48822d5b2c1ee565c8fc5167b6aa3430382ab6981a443922e41c8431d8d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gravitational Wave Emission from a Cosmic String Loop, I: Global Case","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Daniel G. Figueroa, Edmund J. Copeland, Joanes Lizarraga, Jorge Baeza-Ballesteros","submitted_at":"2023-08-16T16:03:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the simultaneous decay of global string loops into scalar particles (massless and massive modes) and gravitational waves (GWs). Using field theory simulations in flat space-time of isolated loops with initial length $\\sim 80-1700$ times their core width, we determine the power emitted into scalar particles, $P_{\\varphi}$, and GWs, $P_{\\rm GW}$, and characterize the loop decay timescale as a function of its initial length, energy and angular momentum. We quantify infrared and ultraviolet lattice dependencies of our results. For all type of loops and initial conditions considered, GW em"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2308.08456","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2308.08456/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"k5IQMgFpFifI9i/5bpwoxutU8gfVdmGJpB/ipfkByx2V7tGkVjE/WAFeqsC4IuIFc1UzPQn9cx+DktpZLqLNDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T17:45:06.182377Z"},"content_sha256":"3a62f4feeab64e710c938e493a8091f5f6e6e77a5846201e1aaa5f41b4e8413c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3a62f4feeab64e710c938e493a8091f5f6e6e77a5846201e1aaa5f41b4e8413c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T17:45:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PMTXFYDVM5BV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f9dcb57af444ca2ac0ea0cedd43febf07cd18a7e5f252e7b732ff7ee23e787f4","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-08-16T16:03:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"423c124e9af5216d22bb75dbc68dbdda4ce39e09568664e4b8dbf2717b322d35"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2308.08456","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2308.08456","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2308.08456v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2308.08456","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YPYOF6IZDR4T","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YPYOF6IZDR4TJ5PM","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YPYOF6IZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3a62f4feeab64e710c938e493a8091f5f6e6e77a5846201e1aaa5f41b4e8413c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2308.08456/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the simultaneous decay of global string loops into scalar particles (massless and massive modes) and gravitational waves (GWs). Using field theory simulations in flat space-time of isolated loops with initial length $\\sim 80-1700$ times their core width, we determine the power emitted into scalar particles, $P_{\\varphi}$, and GWs, $P_{\\rm GW}$, and characterize the loop decay timescale as a function of its initial length, energy and angular momentum. We quantify infrared and ultraviolet lattice dependencies of our results. For all type of loops and initial conditions considered, GW em","authors_text":"Daniel G. Figueroa, Edmund J. Copeland, Joanes Lizarraga, Jorge Baeza-Ballesteros","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-08-16T16:03:38Z","title":"Gravitational Wave Emission from a Cosmic String Loop, I: Global Case"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2308.08456","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6acbe48822d5b2c1ee565c8fc5167b6aa3430382ab6981a443922e41c8431d8d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f9dcb57af444ca2ac0ea0cedd43febf07cd18a7e5f252e7b732ff7ee23e787f4","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-08-16T16:03:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"423c124e9af5216d22bb75dbc68dbdda4ce39e09568664e4b8dbf2717b322d35"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2308.08456","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c3f0e2f9191c7934f5ec9dcb81d59d0d65a55ecd5fd757610a2f665eb1fd6994","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c3f0e2f9191c7934f5ec9dcb81d59d0d65a55ecd5fd757610a2f665eb1fd6994","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42.532791Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42.532791Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8ZioU89wZ7ue1CbQwmUauOxu9ydNwVjPjQq5nCz4n119UQlrN/2iSwv2iINkoh9hWzxTlRQibjv9w4XOY13mCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:46:42.533349Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2308.08456","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6acbe48822d5b2c1ee565c8fc5167b6aa3430382ab6981a443922e41c8431d8d","sha256:3a62f4feeab64e710c938e493a8091f5f6e6e77a5846201e1aaa5f41b4e8413c"],"state_sha256":"881dc57864654a32a8332cbb65974a716509f677959a5fa85af6027e9d5e0306"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xdJ0bik7GJnjkhFm5tl2/VqTK7GqMoRuvEF3KFC3V6rpgThNLs/gCVVljOMGXuphDIHuDFTfjCxqAoRDIyVaCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T17:45:06.186139Z","bundle_sha256":"8fcfc61d05dc189c0907ccf98373ecc84bc4fe4e888a93dd531ac8ef1aaa52d3"}}