{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK","short_pith_number":"pith:YQSQVFZZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.11098","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T13:41:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"014589f61d8a939988e1b5d5bc15f4f3aa9768a74d37b39a630bcadd14ccc169","abstract_canon_sha256":"0f0a19cb5935d71be3c8210bb34851b98008bf1364240b10cefcb26dd1edc924"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c4250a9739dd4f0dbace862b9c7484029d689e903d1000e57d777c95e50cbba2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1705.11098","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.11098","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.11098v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.11098","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YQSQVFZZ3VHQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YQSQVFZZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.11098","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T13:41:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"014589f61d8a939988e1b5d5bc15f4f3aa9768a74d37b39a630bcadd14ccc169","abstract_canon_sha256":"0f0a19cb5935d71be3c8210bb34851b98008bf1364240b10cefcb26dd1edc924"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c4250a9739dd4f0dbace862b9c7484029d689e903d1000e57d777c95e50cbba2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50.720174Z","signature_b64":"7L44sEeoZMVxJ9jZLYogUl66iOuK0HeoWhL44bLEp9HLJ11DdeOD+YkJdjOUa9H74bhCFzdueckab9EENVQHAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c4250a9739dd4f0dbace862b9c7484029d689e903d1000e57d777c95e50cbba2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50.719669Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50.719669Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1705.11098","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qx/WUd6q0n1h7/5p4Ixr8CZSYMNMgn7ro2NQljUY9hsWn9YibCn7Q1guZ/xATLtUIfL/AsdzZCJvDSv7g3bdCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T23:14:08.222295Z"},"content_sha256":"0b54ea6046f1b1327867acc04b3e03badaa59f52d5a55a1b83e1efaefc30af28","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0b54ea6046f1b1327867acc04b3e03badaa59f52d5a55a1b83e1efaefc30af28"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Modified Gravity Theories on a Nutshell: Inflation, Bounce and Late-time Evolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"Modified gravity theories provide workable models for inflation, cosmic bounces, and late-time acceleration using only changes to the gravitational action.","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"S.D. Odintsov, S. Nojiri, V.K. Oikonomou","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T13:41:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We systematically review some standard issues and also the latest developments of modified gravity in cosmology, emphasizing on inflation, bouncing cosmology and late-time acceleration era. Particularly, we present the formalism of standard modified gravity theory representatives, like $F(R)$, $F(\\mathcal{G})$ and $F(T)$ gravity theories, but also several alternative theoretical proposals which appeared in the literature during the last decade. We emphasize on the formalism developed for these theories and we explain how these theories can be considered as viable descriptions for our Universe."},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"Using these theories, we present how a viable inflationary era can be produced in the context of these theories, with the viability being justified if compatibility with the latest observational data is achieved. Also we demonstrate how bouncing cosmologies can actually be described by these theories.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The assumption that the reviewed modified gravity models remain consistent with all current observational constraints once higher-order corrections and stability issues are included.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Modified gravity theories supply viable mathematical frameworks for inflation, bounces, and dark energy eras that match observational data.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Modified gravity theories provide workable models for inflation, cosmic bounces, and late-time acceleration using only changes to the gravitational action.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"c8aae45bfdfc4f204c5095ab4901791a925ddbd0456e1c17c7d75dc33c01ad3b"},"source":{"id":"1705.11098","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":"e518fa35-78a9-4277-90fd-20436a89a51c","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-15T17:25:53.478850Z","strongest_claim":"Using these theories, we present how a viable inflationary era can be produced in the context of these theories, with the viability being justified if compatibility with the latest observational data is achieved. Also we demonstrate how bouncing cosmologies can actually be described by these theories.","one_line_summary":"Modified gravity theories supply viable mathematical frameworks for inflation, bounces, and dark energy eras that match observational data.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The assumption that the reviewed modified gravity models remain consistent with all current observational constraints once higher-order corrections and stability issues are included.","pith_extraction_headline":"Modified gravity theories provide workable models for inflation, cosmic bounces, and late-time acceleration using only changes to the gravitational action."},"references":{"count":300,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":1998,"title":"Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant","work_id":"f4711f38-d7d5-454b-a88b-02642c09bbd4","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/9805201","is_internal_anchor":true},{"doi":"","year":2004,"title":"Is Cosmic Speed-Up Due to New Gravitational Physics?","work_id":"ef3830ca-7137-44a6-8b0a-06a127d7e267","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/0306438","is_internal_anchor":true},{"doi":"","year":2003,"title":"The Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy","work_id":"3e56645d-113b-4f13-b0e8-0fa0821501c7","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/0207347","is_internal_anchor":true},{"doi":"","year":2010,"title":"Dark Energy and Modified Gravity","work_id":"a491abcf-6187-4cce-8b8d-620ca33476f8","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"0811.4132","is_internal_anchor":true},{"doi":"","year":2009,"title":"The Physics of Cosmic Acceleration","work_id":"0e0eabb4-10a5-4443-b8a9-08813484349f","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"0903.0866","is_internal_anchor":true}],"resolved_work":300,"snapshot_sha256":"33e9cfd58bea0a88402f6ebf3496249b12d30e339f19727a3d0566b7553f257c","internal_anchors":287},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"c84abf1b34a2e8d85586de1a0d0fe4a91b49bbc555c85e0ec044f293523634a3"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":"e518fa35-78a9-4277-90fd-20436a89a51c"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a8aEOjRc6wFWH/0lF9sTd5/uigeJILNugvQSPpHjFF18BnYfozKepM3PyLwMfrXTsP6AYSlsrC/dERfLUddCAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T23:14:08.223364Z"},"content_sha256":"033e3af2e60ca746bf790a5238685173cce63a0d7b377a14a3d0716bae742711","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:033e3af2e60ca746bf790a5238685173cce63a0d7b377a14a3d0716bae742711"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T23:14:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWOQYVZY5EEAK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0f0a19cb5935d71be3c8210bb34851b98008bf1364240b10cefcb26dd1edc924","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T13:41:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"014589f61d8a939988e1b5d5bc15f4f3aa9768a74d37b39a630bcadd14ccc169"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.11098","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.11098","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.11098v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.11098","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YQSQVFZZ3VHQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YQSQVFZZ3VHQ3OWO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YQSQVFZZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:033e3af2e60ca746bf790a5238685173cce63a0d7b377a14a3d0716bae742711","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C1","kind":"strongest_claim","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Using these theories, we present how a viable inflationary era can be produced in the context of these theories, with the viability being justified if compatibility with the latest observational data is achieved. Also we demonstrate how bouncing cosmologies can actually be described by these theories."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C2","kind":"weakest_assumption","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","text":"The assumption that the reviewed modified gravity models remain consistent with all current observational constraints once higher-order corrections and stability issues are included."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C3","kind":"one_line_summary","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Modified gravity theories supply viable mathematical frameworks for inflation, bounces, and dark energy eras that match observational data."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C4","kind":"headline","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Modified gravity theories provide workable models for inflation, cosmic bounces, and late-time acceleration using only changes to the gravitational action."}],"snapshot_sha256":"c8aae45bfdfc4f204c5095ab4901791a925ddbd0456e1c17c7d75dc33c01ad3b"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"c84abf1b34a2e8d85586de1a0d0fe4a91b49bbc555c85e0ec044f293523634a3"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We systematically review some standard issues and also the latest developments of modified gravity in cosmology, emphasizing on inflation, bouncing cosmology and late-time acceleration era. Particularly, we present the formalism of standard modified gravity theory representatives, like $F(R)$, $F(\\mathcal{G})$ and $F(T)$ gravity theories, but also several alternative theoretical proposals which appeared in the literature during the last decade. We emphasize on the formalism developed for these theories and we explain how these theories can be considered as viable descriptions for our Universe.","authors_text":"S.D. Odintsov, S. Nojiri, V.K. Oikonomou","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"headline":"Modified gravity theories provide workable models for inflation, cosmic bounces, and late-time acceleration using only changes to the gravitational action.","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T13:41:52Z","title":"Modified Gravity Theories on a Nutshell: Inflation, Bounce and Late-time Evolution"},"references":{"count":300,"internal_anchors":287,"resolved_work":300,"sample":[{"cited_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/9805201","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":true,"ref_index":1,"title":"Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant","work_id":"f4711f38-d7d5-454b-a88b-02642c09bbd4","year":1998},{"cited_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/0306438","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":true,"ref_index":2,"title":"Is Cosmic Speed-Up Due to New Gravitational Physics?","work_id":"ef3830ca-7137-44a6-8b0a-06a127d7e267","year":2004},{"cited_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/0207347","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":true,"ref_index":3,"title":"The Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy","work_id":"3e56645d-113b-4f13-b0e8-0fa0821501c7","year":2003},{"cited_arxiv_id":"0811.4132","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":true,"ref_index":4,"title":"Dark Energy and Modified Gravity","work_id":"a491abcf-6187-4cce-8b8d-620ca33476f8","year":2010},{"cited_arxiv_id":"0903.0866","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":true,"ref_index":5,"title":"The Physics of Cosmic Acceleration","work_id":"0e0eabb4-10a5-4443-b8a9-08813484349f","year":2009}],"snapshot_sha256":"33e9cfd58bea0a88402f6ebf3496249b12d30e339f19727a3d0566b7553f257c"},"source":{"id":"1705.11098","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":"2026-05-15T17:25:53.478850Z","id":"e518fa35-78a9-4277-90fd-20436a89a51c","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"one_line_summary":"Modified gravity theories supply viable mathematical frameworks for inflation, bounces, and dark energy eras that match observational data.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","pith_extraction_headline":"Modified gravity theories provide workable models for inflation, cosmic bounces, and late-time acceleration using only changes to the gravitational action.","strongest_claim":"Using these theories, we present how a viable inflationary era can be produced in the context of these theories, with the viability being justified if compatibility with the latest observational data is achieved. Also we demonstrate how bouncing cosmologies can actually be described by these theories.","weakest_assumption":"The assumption that the reviewed modified gravity models remain consistent with all current observational constraints once higher-order corrections and stability issues are included."}},"verdict_id":"e518fa35-78a9-4277-90fd-20436a89a51c"}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0b54ea6046f1b1327867acc04b3e03badaa59f52d5a55a1b83e1efaefc30af28","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0f0a19cb5935d71be3c8210bb34851b98008bf1364240b10cefcb26dd1edc924","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T13:41:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"014589f61d8a939988e1b5d5bc15f4f3aa9768a74d37b39a630bcadd14ccc169"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.11098","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"c4250a9739dd4f0dbace862b9c7484029d689e903d1000e57d777c95e50cbba2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c4250a9739dd4f0dbace862b9c7484029d689e903d1000e57d777c95e50cbba2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50.719669Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50.719669Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7L44sEeoZMVxJ9jZLYogUl66iOuK0HeoWhL44bLEp9HLJ11DdeOD+YkJdjOUa9H74bhCFzdueckab9EENVQHAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:38:50.720174Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1705.11098","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0b54ea6046f1b1327867acc04b3e03badaa59f52d5a55a1b83e1efaefc30af28","sha256:033e3af2e60ca746bf790a5238685173cce63a0d7b377a14a3d0716bae742711"],"state_sha256":"be4aa2ff730a14e6b4271b927e536657d60b3084805195d273b950e0474cdcdc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iJq/ERsb1tAPLSKJrCdTMD9wEc/jMutei16xL2UFl4lUWzXqBzmZhbTdk+sVZrf1lVv+f0YrJJITU62UybjkCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T23:14:08.227746Z","bundle_sha256":"9b47b3d4ac50759550479446fcf8255d1d3ff3e0cb338df1b0c888d5dd117fca"}}