{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW","short_pith_number":"pith:YQSYNO6W","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.1063","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T10:15:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"8ca95121e106ce0ad69907bd9947bab162489ec61833bffb95f001c77e00147a","abstract_canon_sha256":"c41dbbccc5ee278b22cfe10ab1720e023183caaafd8875a7a1e89fa4fcf96b6a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c42586bbd6a2205a7ef5595a2243ef15bc897f85277f2c01085e0684db47cb54","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1403.1063","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.1063","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.1063v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.1063","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YQSYNO6WUIQF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YQSYNO6W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.1063","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T10:15:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"8ca95121e106ce0ad69907bd9947bab162489ec61833bffb95f001c77e00147a","abstract_canon_sha256":"c41dbbccc5ee278b22cfe10ab1720e023183caaafd8875a7a1e89fa4fcf96b6a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c42586bbd6a2205a7ef5595a2243ef15bc897f85277f2c01085e0684db47cb54","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.721855Z","signature_b64":"VqdSkOIxOszNz7yGDnBrFocOVvHua7A4kJQGx4ZThdXvHapsrk2z/yCj10tMtjYGMOq5lDVObnzclmok3HuVAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c42586bbd6a2205a7ef5595a2243ef15bc897f85277f2c01085e0684db47cb54","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.721103Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.721103Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1403.1063","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/2sehEOoI09mxqLccv950dbXvRyO+d2cYMjNivs7+Ibj+mUvnl4yC7/oJlxr032Ow/j8fEcRrTEPkj3u8t+MCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T14:34:13.208201Z"},"content_sha256":"a364a8eae5f058272f4c371ffe016af4f50fc5a91358309819eb6e585e176046","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a364a8eae5f058272f4c371ffe016af4f50fc5a91358309819eb6e585e176046"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A PCA-based automated finder for galaxy-scale strong lenses","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"C. Giocoli, F. Bellagamba, F. Courbin, G. Lemson, G. Meylan, J.-P. Kneib, L. Koopmans, M. Meneghetti, M. Petkova, N. Jackson, P. Hartley, R.B. Metcalf, R. Joseph, S. Pires","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T10:15:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an algorithm using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to subtract galaxies from imaging data, and also two algorithms to find strong, galaxy-scale gravitational lenses in the resulting residual image. The combined method is optimized to find full or partial Einstein rings. Starting from a pre-selection of potential massive galaxies, we first perform a PCA to build a set of basis vectors. The galaxy images are reconstructed using the PCA basis and subtracted from the data. We then filter the residual image with two different methods. The first uses a curvelet (curved wavelets) filter"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.1063","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Ha8XCDiTujyOMfja0jexbHEHlLsjvXg+AagVoO9Vf8rjFr78ybstEbMyQTemWoZQsmk9D8yaykw20rvvSo4KAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T14:34:13.208818Z"},"content_sha256":"673df28aad2e56874028001bf222a87076364b6aaa2ce44363026c416717ac77","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:673df28aad2e56874028001bf222a87076364b6aaa2ce44363026c416717ac77"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T14:34:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XVLFNCEQ7PCW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c41dbbccc5ee278b22cfe10ab1720e023183caaafd8875a7a1e89fa4fcf96b6a","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T10:15:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ca95121e106ce0ad69907bd9947bab162489ec61833bffb95f001c77e00147a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.1063","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.1063","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.1063v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.1063","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YQSYNO6WUIQF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YQSYNO6WUIQFU7XV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YQSYNO6W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:673df28aad2e56874028001bf222a87076364b6aaa2ce44363026c416717ac77","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present an algorithm using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to subtract galaxies from imaging data, and also two algorithms to find strong, galaxy-scale gravitational lenses in the resulting residual image. The combined method is optimized to find full or partial Einstein rings. Starting from a pre-selection of potential massive galaxies, we first perform a PCA to build a set of basis vectors. The galaxy images are reconstructed using the PCA basis and subtracted from the data. We then filter the residual image with two different methods. The first uses a curvelet (curved wavelets) filter","authors_text":"C. Giocoli, F. Bellagamba, F. Courbin, G. Lemson, G. Meylan, J.-P. Kneib, L. Koopmans, M. Meneghetti, M. Petkova, N. Jackson, P. Hartley, R.B. Metcalf, R. Joseph, S. Pires","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T10:15:37Z","title":"A PCA-based automated finder for galaxy-scale strong lenses"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.1063","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a364a8eae5f058272f4c371ffe016af4f50fc5a91358309819eb6e585e176046","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c41dbbccc5ee278b22cfe10ab1720e023183caaafd8875a7a1e89fa4fcf96b6a","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T10:15:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ca95121e106ce0ad69907bd9947bab162489ec61833bffb95f001c77e00147a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.1063","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c42586bbd6a2205a7ef5595a2243ef15bc897f85277f2c01085e0684db47cb54","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c42586bbd6a2205a7ef5595a2243ef15bc897f85277f2c01085e0684db47cb54","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.721103Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.721103Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VqdSkOIxOszNz7yGDnBrFocOVvHua7A4kJQGx4ZThdXvHapsrk2z/yCj10tMtjYGMOq5lDVObnzclmok3HuVAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.721855Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1403.1063","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a364a8eae5f058272f4c371ffe016af4f50fc5a91358309819eb6e585e176046","sha256:673df28aad2e56874028001bf222a87076364b6aaa2ce44363026c416717ac77"],"state_sha256":"891e9ea793b7051945fb1f5cf27dc31be23b7d0de0d63f340f9926d5e84711f7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"f1x7rvvzNLI4KZYhflMhcDESLlsBu2aKh//hq6bCPywG7+s1KL7PXiPD3n9H8suzGBwg4IBqyf8dhLy1rwA3Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T14:34:13.211936Z","bundle_sha256":"4dd351a1fb56c303d00d87fa3e89b2f24ea908fece466bec8f8bc333d4132cc1"}}