{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB","short_pith_number":"pith:YRUNVYFP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1902.05928","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T15:34:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"51b4b3e3cd31d1603ff55d2f477f15e354fdf326fdfa3fd4fae35d36eba4386b","abstract_canon_sha256":"6fdb0ed5eabd32cf4f2ae5ec1c24dd472d94052387a547bab623be6f13327237"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c468dae0afba1b1887a688bbe9625b104db756430eec3543a0efce664b394321","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1902.05928","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1902.05928","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1902.05928v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1902.05928","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YRUNVYFPXINR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YRUNVYFPXINRRB5G","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YRUNVYFP","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1902.05928","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T15:34:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"51b4b3e3cd31d1603ff55d2f477f15e354fdf326fdfa3fd4fae35d36eba4386b","abstract_canon_sha256":"6fdb0ed5eabd32cf4f2ae5ec1c24dd472d94052387a547bab623be6f13327237"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c468dae0afba1b1887a688bbe9625b104db756430eec3543a0efce664b394321","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52.546936Z","signature_b64":"YLGIVAprIHlqtcyDdwhPJTH4wj2ojyjwD9VTXaV2EZ/F7dcTIuT5LCq6ivtueHfZ0k9xPOJLIIpI2nUHoKjACA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c468dae0afba1b1887a688bbe9625b104db756430eec3543a0efce664b394321","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52.546451Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52.546451Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1902.05928","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mGgz6jAQ1b3xzyoa6q8WkRdGjjLGl1d16AyodRu4zqphkZkNNJ3j6TsuD4YmGtZYtM9IvnNeCt87T9h0A4nEAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-20T01:00:00.849437Z"},"content_sha256":"8b3b1af615c4c80a9d68ad4525e80f2fdd2197812e108cb09226f44fc85d9fb0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8b3b1af615c4c80a9d68ad4525e80f2fdd2197812e108cb09226f44fc85d9fb0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Orbital angular momentum coupling in elastic photon-photon scattering","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Alexander F. Savin, Benjamin Spiers, John Collier, Kevin Glize, Marko Mayr, Mattias Marklund, Peter A. Norreys, Ramy Aboushelbaya, Raoul M.G.M Trines, Robert Bingham, Robin Wang","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T15:34:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this letter, we investigate the effect of orbital angular momentum (OAM) on elastic photon-photon scattering in vacuum for the first time. We define exact solutions to the vacuum electro-magnetic wave equation which carry OAM. Using those, the expected coupling between three initialwaves is derived in the framework of an effective field theory based on the Euler-Heisenberg La-grangian and shows that OAM adds a signature to the generated photons thereby greatly improvingthe signal-to-noise ratio. This forms the basis for a proposed high-power laser experiment utilizingquantum optics techniqu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1902.05928","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1902.05928/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"X3zZaUWJxqE+EVZ0DsdZY3yDfCoyCCWOaRZPb8ByZarGl/l5SI/EYwsye4E9zoeS79YTKC8nIKDjBUDQbG0pAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-20T01:00:00.849817Z"},"content_sha256":"c52e712380773526575031bc4d7d16757e6f441250d8d6ab4116cf0c346efc85","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c52e712380773526575031bc4d7d16757e6f441250d8d6ab4116cf0c346efc85"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-20T01:00:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:YRUNVYFPXINRRB5GRC56SYS3CB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6fdb0ed5eabd32cf4f2ae5ec1c24dd472d94052387a547bab623be6f13327237","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T15:34:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"51b4b3e3cd31d1603ff55d2f477f15e354fdf326fdfa3fd4fae35d36eba4386b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1902.05928","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1902.05928","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1902.05928v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1902.05928","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YRUNVYFPXINR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YRUNVYFPXINRRB5G","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YRUNVYFP","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c52e712380773526575031bc4d7d16757e6f441250d8d6ab4116cf0c346efc85","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1902.05928/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this letter, we investigate the effect of orbital angular momentum (OAM) on elastic photon-photon scattering in vacuum for the first time. We define exact solutions to the vacuum electro-magnetic wave equation which carry OAM. Using those, the expected coupling between three initialwaves is derived in the framework of an effective field theory based on the Euler-Heisenberg La-grangian and shows that OAM adds a signature to the generated photons thereby greatly improvingthe signal-to-noise ratio. This forms the basis for a proposed high-power laser experiment utilizingquantum optics techniqu","authors_text":"Alexander F. Savin, Benjamin Spiers, John Collier, Kevin Glize, Marko Mayr, Mattias Marklund, Peter A. Norreys, Ramy Aboushelbaya, Raoul M.G.M Trines, Robert Bingham, Robin Wang","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T15:34:37Z","title":"Orbital angular momentum coupling in elastic photon-photon scattering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1902.05928","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8b3b1af615c4c80a9d68ad4525e80f2fdd2197812e108cb09226f44fc85d9fb0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6fdb0ed5eabd32cf4f2ae5ec1c24dd472d94052387a547bab623be6f13327237","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T15:34:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"51b4b3e3cd31d1603ff55d2f477f15e354fdf326fdfa3fd4fae35d36eba4386b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1902.05928","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c468dae0afba1b1887a688bbe9625b104db756430eec3543a0efce664b394321","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c468dae0afba1b1887a688bbe9625b104db756430eec3543a0efce664b394321","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52.546451Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52.546451Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YLGIVAprIHlqtcyDdwhPJTH4wj2ojyjwD9VTXaV2EZ/F7dcTIuT5LCq6ivtueHfZ0k9xPOJLIIpI2nUHoKjACA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:52.546936Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1902.05928","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8b3b1af615c4c80a9d68ad4525e80f2fdd2197812e108cb09226f44fc85d9fb0","sha256:c52e712380773526575031bc4d7d16757e6f441250d8d6ab4116cf0c346efc85"],"state_sha256":"0145a925525964f72953a0d4db8ad2a04858b6f7acfd7b89c95441eb959baeb0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Y6XElVlOwr6gUZoJC/EjwuywnB7a4T1jujUJoaO3R3i+w0HXXHZwtTEST/aJJhsqrH3ChGjF7oNLQ+GWgmy+Dw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-20T01:00:00.852274Z","bundle_sha256":"70cc7a24531bc216e5c117ad296aad089a2f6d55216ba289db9a46cc3afb94b6"}}