{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ","short_pith_number":"pith:YSNRC46J","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.19876","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T17:38:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"6a5d334a3309181c547dfd1ab4eef8f74b209d2d83683b6b232a0d8624a64ff8","abstract_canon_sha256":"cba450423e9326453d9d8e45093250d5e657d16b95d6f17b7c5e709492a9da08"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c49b1173c9aa811b00d3f061e440c25a543db55baf98d8ae73e260797f1c3438","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2411.19876","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.19876","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.19876v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.19876","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YSNRC46JVKAR","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YSNRC46JVKARWAGT","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YSNRC46J","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.19876","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T17:38:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"6a5d334a3309181c547dfd1ab4eef8f74b209d2d83683b6b232a0d8624a64ff8","abstract_canon_sha256":"cba450423e9326453d9d8e45093250d5e657d16b95d6f17b7c5e709492a9da08"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c49b1173c9aa811b00d3f061e440c25a543db55baf98d8ae73e260797f1c3438","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20.788376Z","signature_b64":"Dy44zYoHhHULCLHg8aqU1mEFChwGRrovIhqcrd7/Hu+trkj7VfSr2j6nL6oFtHW4E5dYuwyQhP4m3TgpSXk8Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c49b1173c9aa811b00d3f061e440c25a543db55baf98d8ae73e260797f1c3438","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20.787735Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20.787735Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2411.19876","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"brovRAQDJTOFA8FuE4EG4H1Xkzkk5j9fhwKqa7ClUs9mXgcMZT86bsE4lZji3lochjaWC8iZ7RfIbtk8F8Z/CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T05:30:43.306940Z"},"content_sha256":"8ef3e0ae1093c77e35162c24b14c8a957795b51fc2aa383a0fffe9871208680c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8ef3e0ae1093c77e35162c24b14c8a957795b51fc2aa383a0fffe9871208680c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"LUMIA: Linear probing for Unimodal and MultiModal Membership Inference Attacks leveraging internal LLM states","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro, Jose Maria de Fuentes, Lorena Gonzalez-Manzano, Luis Ibanez-Lissen, Nicolas Anciaux","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T17:38:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in a variety of applications, but concerns around membership inference have grown in parallel. Previous efforts focus on black-to-grey-box models, thus neglecting the potential benefit from internal LLM information. To address this, we propose the use of Linear Probes (LPs) as a method to detect Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) by examining internal activations of LLMs. Our approach, dubbed LUMIA, applies LPs layer-by-layer to get fine-grained data on the model inner workings. We test this method across several model architectures, sizes an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.19876","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2411.19876/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"43J605/zC2xtLhi6qYvzIDX/IEj3xltj63636VLqzXjgBR04Ohcfhxk01psWnMxX1pz2jYaA0LEhHKFmqB6zAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T05:30:43.307418Z"},"content_sha256":"498155c53f655913fc68bd1699825c6c121102901a2528735074a3b310fbbb8e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:498155c53f655913fc68bd1699825c6c121102901a2528735074a3b310fbbb8e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T05:30:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YSNRC46JVKARWAGT6BQ6IQGCLJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cba450423e9326453d9d8e45093250d5e657d16b95d6f17b7c5e709492a9da08","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T17:38:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"6a5d334a3309181c547dfd1ab4eef8f74b209d2d83683b6b232a0d8624a64ff8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.19876","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.19876","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.19876v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.19876","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YSNRC46JVKAR","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YSNRC46JVKARWAGT","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YSNRC46J","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:498155c53f655913fc68bd1699825c6c121102901a2528735074a3b310fbbb8e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2411.19876/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in a variety of applications, but concerns around membership inference have grown in parallel. Previous efforts focus on black-to-grey-box models, thus neglecting the potential benefit from internal LLM information. To address this, we propose the use of Linear Probes (LPs) as a method to detect Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) by examining internal activations of LLMs. Our approach, dubbed LUMIA, applies LPs layer-by-layer to get fine-grained data on the model inner workings. We test this method across several model architectures, sizes an","authors_text":"Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro, Jose Maria de Fuentes, Lorena Gonzalez-Manzano, Luis Ibanez-Lissen, Nicolas Anciaux","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T17:38:56Z","title":"LUMIA: Linear probing for Unimodal and MultiModal Membership Inference Attacks leveraging internal LLM states"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.19876","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8ef3e0ae1093c77e35162c24b14c8a957795b51fc2aa383a0fffe9871208680c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cba450423e9326453d9d8e45093250d5e657d16b95d6f17b7c5e709492a9da08","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T17:38:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"6a5d334a3309181c547dfd1ab4eef8f74b209d2d83683b6b232a0d8624a64ff8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.19876","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"c49b1173c9aa811b00d3f061e440c25a543db55baf98d8ae73e260797f1c3438","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c49b1173c9aa811b00d3f061e440c25a543db55baf98d8ae73e260797f1c3438","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20.787735Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20.787735Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Dy44zYoHhHULCLHg8aqU1mEFChwGRrovIhqcrd7/Hu+trkj7VfSr2j6nL6oFtHW4E5dYuwyQhP4m3TgpSXk8Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:20.788376Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2411.19876","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8ef3e0ae1093c77e35162c24b14c8a957795b51fc2aa383a0fffe9871208680c","sha256:498155c53f655913fc68bd1699825c6c121102901a2528735074a3b310fbbb8e"],"state_sha256":"5536643c2970887821ca07d6c05301e1fc551cc16bb7ae6f6fe783a49dbbdb00"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L82lAS6+Hxv8xy+VwRrtZubUPA2jOgbQCAjUjNBzPWSu339t0RlNGiGJ+vB9nakPaYLoa17iLpe1hQHzZY6/AA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T05:30:43.310721Z","bundle_sha256":"a9d6427c619bdcc63c9997bea803244d205f13c0a5cea525c54a2b2cb9c26d7f"}}