{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6","short_pith_number":"pith:YTXD35WR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0205371","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-05-22T14:33:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"110836f456b15668b19602ab1ad24cedebbc1fe165eb3353f05d684f02c0cc73","abstract_canon_sha256":"4001766bbe835307ae93be499d0985f2dfe2a1077759f2fdcd05c3c5be092851"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c4ee3df6d1d203974bf9fb9943de0b578ae808c18db534739082bcb27febf442","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0205371","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0205371","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0205371v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0205371","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YTXD35WR2IBZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YTXD35WR","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0205371","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-05-22T14:33:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"110836f456b15668b19602ab1ad24cedebbc1fe165eb3353f05d684f02c0cc73","abstract_canon_sha256":"4001766bbe835307ae93be499d0985f2dfe2a1077759f2fdcd05c3c5be092851"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c4ee3df6d1d203974bf9fb9943de0b578ae808c18db534739082bcb27febf442","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03.353163Z","signature_b64":"/6OrphMeNjD6zGupVUbj9IzIENzEHDdOTEH6Ch+Sedhpxt99KWOq+SbQuFz8blODTeFVm69OOruaMREKBa7WCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c4ee3df6d1d203974bf9fb9943de0b578ae808c18db534739082bcb27febf442","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03.352690Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03.352690Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0205371","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CcwOh7SGi+70zJ85v5p0CDUl6o4DtLYMCMLVcLIG/SKLfMoyn5gOSRMBnQNXnYnOnup4XN7NNtjf1DqtfgpDCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T16:24:45.652488Z"},"content_sha256":"611199f50b0300b2e2cace5d707ce79651c3614ba99e889931530ce3aeaedd3d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:611199f50b0300b2e2cace5d707ce79651c3614ba99e889931530ce3aeaedd3d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"High Mass X-ray Binaries as a Star Formation Rate Indicator in Distant Galaxies","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"2), 2) ((1) MPA, Garching; (2) IKI, H.-J.Grimm (1), M.Gilfanov (1, Moscow), R.Sunyaev (1","submitted_at":"2002-05-22T14:33:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"Based on CHANDRA observations of nearby starburst galaxies and RXTE/ASM, ASCA and MIR-KVANT/TTM studies of high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) populations in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds, we propose that the number and/or the collective X-ray luminosity of HMXBs can be used to measure the star formation rate (SFR) of a galaxy. We show that, within the accuracy of the presently available data, a linear relation between HMXB number and the star formation rate exists. The relation between SFR and collective luminosity of HMXBs is non-linear in the low SFR regime, $L_X\\propto \\SFR^{\\approx 1.7}$,"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0205371","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0205371/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FElVk7NECC2zgbxcO/HJZHboZMwWeYkIpA1PGvWD5Mu94JBnO8ss4zcVLezWa8m4d7QflhdvXQ2eaxuZ0od8Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T16:24:45.653025Z"},"content_sha256":"e8d44fdcb1b85279789f398be6f55070d845884ad59d14c4ed3dd195dd320e5c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e8d44fdcb1b85279789f398be6f55070d845884ad59d14c4ed3dd195dd320e5c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T16:24:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z7OMUHXQLK6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4001766bbe835307ae93be499d0985f2dfe2a1077759f2fdcd05c3c5be092851","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-05-22T14:33:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"110836f456b15668b19602ab1ad24cedebbc1fe165eb3353f05d684f02c0cc73"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0205371","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0205371","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0205371v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0205371","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YTXD35WR2IBZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YTXD35WR2IBZOS7Z","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YTXD35WR","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e8d44fdcb1b85279789f398be6f55070d845884ad59d14c4ed3dd195dd320e5c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0205371/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Based on CHANDRA observations of nearby starburst galaxies and RXTE/ASM, ASCA and MIR-KVANT/TTM studies of high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) populations in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds, we propose that the number and/or the collective X-ray luminosity of HMXBs can be used to measure the star formation rate (SFR) of a galaxy. We show that, within the accuracy of the presently available data, a linear relation between HMXB number and the star formation rate exists. The relation between SFR and collective luminosity of HMXBs is non-linear in the low SFR regime, $L_X\\propto \\SFR^{\\approx 1.7}$,","authors_text":"2), 2) ((1) MPA, Garching; (2) IKI, H.-J.Grimm (1), M.Gilfanov (1, Moscow), R.Sunyaev (1","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-05-22T14:33:19Z","title":"High Mass X-ray Binaries as a Star Formation Rate Indicator in Distant Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0205371","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:611199f50b0300b2e2cace5d707ce79651c3614ba99e889931530ce3aeaedd3d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4001766bbe835307ae93be499d0985f2dfe2a1077759f2fdcd05c3c5be092851","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-05-22T14:33:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"110836f456b15668b19602ab1ad24cedebbc1fe165eb3353f05d684f02c0cc73"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0205371","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c4ee3df6d1d203974bf9fb9943de0b578ae808c18db534739082bcb27febf442","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c4ee3df6d1d203974bf9fb9943de0b578ae808c18db534739082bcb27febf442","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03.352690Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03.352690Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/6OrphMeNjD6zGupVUbj9IzIENzEHDdOTEH6Ch+Sedhpxt99KWOq+SbQuFz8blODTeFVm69OOruaMREKBa7WCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:30:03.353163Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0205371","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:611199f50b0300b2e2cace5d707ce79651c3614ba99e889931530ce3aeaedd3d","sha256:e8d44fdcb1b85279789f398be6f55070d845884ad59d14c4ed3dd195dd320e5c"],"state_sha256":"e33f6e9cc5ae3b4730e2c54c0c9444f2c87999140019097b28a866da7568f9b2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"j6up9Yu2NPdPJLC6cvZezRvDgN3E4eFfNjESh4kxhVZPS1BCsRRWsZCgqi8hwy/M3FwcvQs49NErG3vxjS8gAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T16:24:45.658319Z","bundle_sha256":"2fb590eb30c210d5e9971147cd0e96b8931d92002c297f29e934d3e012e572a1"}}