{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI","short_pith_number":"pith:YVGTCNLL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1503.01589","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2015-03-05T09:50:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"27cc46eeec8c12e5e0df3a41c69da7fbc348d1e0290ca73009d35f1d0ad17970","abstract_canon_sha256":"3516399a332c808666032e86b23b9b4b09d686fb8bc7b455abe33456e0336d8c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c54d31356b9c9e33cea9c6a24bdf057222cb03e10773e15454b208aa8931b0e6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1503.01589","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1503.01589","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1503.01589v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1503.01589","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YVGTCNLLTSPD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YVGTCNLL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1503.01589","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2015-03-05T09:50:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"27cc46eeec8c12e5e0df3a41c69da7fbc348d1e0290ca73009d35f1d0ad17970","abstract_canon_sha256":"3516399a332c808666032e86b23b9b4b09d686fb8bc7b455abe33456e0336d8c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c54d31356b9c9e33cea9c6a24bdf057222cb03e10773e15454b208aa8931b0e6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33.297010Z","signature_b64":"PcmyHTnI7q4VtNbMNKcv4c/FoH892eKFJYsKIb9He2uT7Nq+EKE0eQaFiY6X1Cgf/3WPRBwERWG1yt02rWvhAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c54d31356b9c9e33cea9c6a24bdf057222cb03e10773e15454b208aa8931b0e6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33.296523Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33.296523Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1503.01589","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZB8amjtUMMCsUUx0O2IEbwEguctK4oGxNhJoGlnHT9MWiY6uOE+uRUzof9o6lGsR4zKBBwby1nsF9SfdAeKrDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:14:34.987934Z"},"content_sha256":"494dc04ead2e8dbcb74b7318d949cd1f12af2ca87ce4046bb658c01595cd4a04","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:494dc04ead2e8dbcb74b7318d949cd1f12af2ca87ce4046bb658c01595cd4a04"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Structural Nested Models and G-estimation: The Partially Realized Promise","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Marshall Joffe, Stijn Vansteelandt","submitted_at":"2015-03-05T09:50:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Structural nested models (SNMs) and the associated method of G-estimation were first proposed by James Robins over two decades ago as approaches to modeling and estimating the joint effects of a sequence of treatments or exposures. The models and estimation methods have since been extended to dealing with a broader series of problems, and have considerable advantages over the other methods developed for estimating such joint effects. Despite these advantages, the application of these methods in applied research has been relatively infrequent; we view this as unfortunate. To remedy this, we pro"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.01589","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JZ799Thcr7TPuTXvka37HyEZ8p35vaJxNf8RbxJz+wj6VqebODOjS5qzeeEOTW7ZHUp6XOofpjjvmOYmGHtjDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:14:34.988642Z"},"content_sha256":"88138f3a44a0e8cc0e4ccd73b5eb01717b40ea63212f984e28549968e1d3432c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:88138f3a44a0e8cc0e4ccd73b5eb01717b40ea63212f984e28549968e1d3432c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T19:14:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJY2REXXYFOI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3516399a332c808666032e86b23b9b4b09d686fb8bc7b455abe33456e0336d8c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2015-03-05T09:50:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"27cc46eeec8c12e5e0df3a41c69da7fbc348d1e0290ca73009d35f1d0ad17970"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1503.01589","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1503.01589","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1503.01589v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1503.01589","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YVGTCNLLTSPD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YVGTCNLLTSPDHTVJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YVGTCNLL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:88138f3a44a0e8cc0e4ccd73b5eb01717b40ea63212f984e28549968e1d3432c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Structural nested models (SNMs) and the associated method of G-estimation were first proposed by James Robins over two decades ago as approaches to modeling and estimating the joint effects of a sequence of treatments or exposures. The models and estimation methods have since been extended to dealing with a broader series of problems, and have considerable advantages over the other methods developed for estimating such joint effects. Despite these advantages, the application of these methods in applied research has been relatively infrequent; we view this as unfortunate. To remedy this, we pro","authors_text":"Marshall Joffe, Stijn Vansteelandt","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2015-03-05T09:50:02Z","title":"Structural Nested Models and G-estimation: The Partially Realized Promise"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.01589","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:494dc04ead2e8dbcb74b7318d949cd1f12af2ca87ce4046bb658c01595cd4a04","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3516399a332c808666032e86b23b9b4b09d686fb8bc7b455abe33456e0336d8c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2015-03-05T09:50:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"27cc46eeec8c12e5e0df3a41c69da7fbc348d1e0290ca73009d35f1d0ad17970"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1503.01589","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c54d31356b9c9e33cea9c6a24bdf057222cb03e10773e15454b208aa8931b0e6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c54d31356b9c9e33cea9c6a24bdf057222cb03e10773e15454b208aa8931b0e6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33.296523Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33.296523Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PcmyHTnI7q4VtNbMNKcv4c/FoH892eKFJYsKIb9He2uT7Nq+EKE0eQaFiY6X1Cgf/3WPRBwERWG1yt02rWvhAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:33.297010Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1503.01589","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:494dc04ead2e8dbcb74b7318d949cd1f12af2ca87ce4046bb658c01595cd4a04","sha256:88138f3a44a0e8cc0e4ccd73b5eb01717b40ea63212f984e28549968e1d3432c"],"state_sha256":"94c8e4c0bd5f72e3d108a0b0d78daf825f48426ce1a3be02207be83cfcfc48a9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hxj8la9tfEndBjL00IsLyqPmZ1hWqPBZpKTuMbumiFVICLrso0xoAZZrrhNT0mou1M0/POi+owTZ+FEZp1XUAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:14:34.992352Z","bundle_sha256":"9f4e20d8e14d0109f89b0fafc9f8c8d843c0eb2ff57cf62ef5baedf23e362b19"}}