{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC","short_pith_number":"pith:YVMKT765","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.03981","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-04-08T10:47:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"4e528ab68cf4f257d8d0df7a7e28372c87148cc0abad453a33df8c3def9bc033","abstract_canon_sha256":"9602fd0067806dcb08a30fa4cb964fb0e32e6ace4e780cab11fec6c120afa831"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c558a9ffddad8e067914a192f375e49897b07ff07e33b125f9923903da1003b8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2304.03981","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.03981","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.03981v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.03981","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YVMKT765VWHA","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YVMKT765VWHAM6IU","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YVMKT765","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.03981","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-04-08T10:47:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"4e528ab68cf4f257d8d0df7a7e28372c87148cc0abad453a33df8c3def9bc033","abstract_canon_sha256":"9602fd0067806dcb08a30fa4cb964fb0e32e6ace4e780cab11fec6c120afa831"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c558a9ffddad8e067914a192f375e49897b07ff07e33b125f9923903da1003b8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49.769264Z","signature_b64":"B+HiZKbQSzH35o1TxqJk3l4KCGbKrGgLkvuigWkmmD/yga7K2bbjijh3HfGFbCuwuJWy4h0B8XYmJ74b4ei3Cg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c558a9ffddad8e067914a192f375e49897b07ff07e33b125f9923903da1003b8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49.768805Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49.768805Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2304.03981","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0/lxPtLjBtHXU5iKYJxozW6NCDiJzOh9g2lkF1Hf+KvIMd7GMI+mJ1OQeHjolDImt4ga+JLG2rLrmpzAzmUdBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T14:56:27.625430Z"},"content_sha256":"d6a44cfed237f2f1f7c3d9178ecc59b5fe247614d9173ac5360f00afab876e1d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d6a44cfed237f2f1f7c3d9178ecc59b5fe247614d9173ac5360f00afab876e1d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Uncertainty-inspired Open Set Learning for Retinal Anomaly Identification","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Aidi Lin, Changqing Zhang, Chi Pui Pang, Daoqiang Zhang, Guoyao Deng, Haoyu Chen, Huazhu Fu, Jianhong Lin, Junhong Chen, Ke Zou, Lianyu Wang, Meng Wang, Mingzhi Zhang, Qingquan Meng, Rick Siow Mong Goh, Tian LIN, Weifang Zhu, Xinjian Chen, Xinxing Xu, Yiming Qian, Yi Zhou, Yong Liu, Yuanyuan Peng, Zhiqun Wu","submitted_at":"2023-04-08T10:47:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Failure to recognize samples from the classes unseen during training is a major limitation of artificial intelligence in the real-world implementation for recognition and classification of retinal anomalies. We established an uncertainty-inspired open-set (UIOS) model, which was trained with fundus images of 9 retinal conditions. Besides assessing the probability of each category, UIOS also calculated an uncertainty score to express its confidence. Our UIOS model with thresholding strategy achieved an F1 score of 99.55%, 97.01% and 91.91% for the internal testing set, external target categorie"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.03981","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2304.03981/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UanaDSJasDbIIuQcaYDvE3uF7V8DnCCMPLrzar/qc10R4plTLTg0UPJsPN5HA+Jd7i8HP2SwK4uLNJJGhcOTAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T14:56:27.626096Z"},"content_sha256":"db1b8f32539f3b807d2df7008b32a4fd780c9c53a15faf710b99bcbdfc33271b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db1b8f32539f3b807d2df7008b32a4fd780c9c53a15faf710b99bcbdfc33271b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-11T14:56:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YVMKT765VWHAM6IUUGJPG5PETC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9602fd0067806dcb08a30fa4cb964fb0e32e6ace4e780cab11fec6c120afa831","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-04-08T10:47:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e528ab68cf4f257d8d0df7a7e28372c87148cc0abad453a33df8c3def9bc033"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.03981","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.03981","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.03981v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.03981","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YVMKT765VWHA","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YVMKT765VWHAM6IU","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YVMKT765","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:db1b8f32539f3b807d2df7008b32a4fd780c9c53a15faf710b99bcbdfc33271b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.03981/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Failure to recognize samples from the classes unseen during training is a major limitation of artificial intelligence in the real-world implementation for recognition and classification of retinal anomalies. We established an uncertainty-inspired open-set (UIOS) model, which was trained with fundus images of 9 retinal conditions. Besides assessing the probability of each category, UIOS also calculated an uncertainty score to express its confidence. Our UIOS model with thresholding strategy achieved an F1 score of 99.55%, 97.01% and 91.91% for the internal testing set, external target categorie","authors_text":"Aidi Lin, Changqing Zhang, Chi Pui Pang, Daoqiang Zhang, Guoyao Deng, Haoyu Chen, Huazhu Fu, Jianhong Lin, Junhong Chen, Ke Zou, Lianyu Wang, Meng Wang, Mingzhi Zhang, Qingquan Meng, Rick Siow Mong Goh, Tian LIN, Weifang Zhu, Xinjian Chen, Xinxing Xu, Yiming Qian, Yi Zhou, Yong Liu, Yuanyuan Peng, Zhiqun Wu","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-04-08T10:47:41Z","title":"Uncertainty-inspired Open Set Learning for Retinal Anomaly Identification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.03981","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d6a44cfed237f2f1f7c3d9178ecc59b5fe247614d9173ac5360f00afab876e1d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9602fd0067806dcb08a30fa4cb964fb0e32e6ace4e780cab11fec6c120afa831","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-04-08T10:47:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e528ab68cf4f257d8d0df7a7e28372c87148cc0abad453a33df8c3def9bc033"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.03981","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"c558a9ffddad8e067914a192f375e49897b07ff07e33b125f9923903da1003b8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c558a9ffddad8e067914a192f375e49897b07ff07e33b125f9923903da1003b8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49.768805Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49.768805Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B+HiZKbQSzH35o1TxqJk3l4KCGbKrGgLkvuigWkmmD/yga7K2bbjijh3HfGFbCuwuJWy4h0B8XYmJ74b4ei3Cg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:45:49.769264Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.03981","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d6a44cfed237f2f1f7c3d9178ecc59b5fe247614d9173ac5360f00afab876e1d","sha256:db1b8f32539f3b807d2df7008b32a4fd780c9c53a15faf710b99bcbdfc33271b"],"state_sha256":"c9db59bb6d6570fc71035388912341347afded2fbaa06c5013b72d55aa864613"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BHaDOXosafVi8mpYMETSFbl2QZ0WAe3SLMUKLRMGt6REaHvkdquOQ1rPFkcunk+ZBiVobKQP2aKq4AgPHTtiAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T14:56:27.629270Z","bundle_sha256":"f35f227b16792cf35377d808a172e06545fa973aa7b302570d98d68f0ea4e9c2"}}