{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP","short_pith_number":"pith:YXCA6UIJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.03928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-07-05T07:23:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"81dd42b9ebae61b4802bcca037266496cbfbb0192d9e58fd074aaf88b30a4b5d","abstract_canon_sha256":"88d7b933e12a048c65fc8a4ccff1926090ac8d0647249589b060d0cd76d47cb1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c5c40f5109ff506c50d1b57c46ced613ce76974586bb714e63cd82dcc82246f9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2507.03928","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.03928","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.03928v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.03928","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YXCA6UIJ75IG","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YXCA6UIJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.03928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-07-05T07:23:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"81dd42b9ebae61b4802bcca037266496cbfbb0192d9e58fd074aaf88b30a4b5d","abstract_canon_sha256":"88d7b933e12a048c65fc8a4ccff1926090ac8d0647249589b060d0cd76d47cb1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c5c40f5109ff506c50d1b57c46ced613ce76974586bb714e63cd82dcc82246f9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37.404898Z","signature_b64":"FPzMkJdxpBEHOdOGQDcUvoQ9HFVL7JoD2pGu+JNin/MBa89haRl1qiXuYHCysGcP0Fp3883ZQcfVBh54SFT6CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c5c40f5109ff506c50d1b57c46ced613ce76974586bb714e63cd82dcc82246f9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37.404404Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37.404404Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2507.03928","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nmNEkau5IptEvZFs2pwGrCm2o+1PnQNncKWb9WU1SbpXrvcIZP/QCRitRzKHAKVYEqQJeaOpwn+aBo2vnXm9BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T09:17:08.989423Z"},"content_sha256":"412caae94783bce9cabfd9a209e6ad40276906c1c2d9bc803fb040a647312d38","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:412caae94783bce9cabfd9a209e6ad40276906c1c2d9bc803fb040a647312d38"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"CortexDebate: Debating Sparsely and Equally for Multi-Agent Debate","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Chen Gong, Sheng Wan, Yiliu Sun, Zicheng Zhao","submitted_at":"2025-07-05T07:23:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Nowadays, single Large Language Model (LLM) struggles with critical issues such as hallucination and inadequate reasoning abilities. To mitigate these issues, Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has emerged as an effective strategy, where LLM agents engage in in-depth debates with others on tasks. However, existing MAD methods face two major issues: (a) too lengthy input contexts, which causes LLM agents to get lost in plenty of input information and experiences performance drop; and (b) the overconfidence dilemma, where self-assured LLM agents dominate the debate, leading to low debating effectiveness. "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.03928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2507.03928/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MyvMrH/y0uBQj99UGS0qBiogYIbAO5dHAedng8K/btSOE/swK+zTngQ0pLW1egEieKUuUfgdv4vzF66iFsepBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T09:17:08.989801Z"},"content_sha256":"d67162c4ea798c2b936712035b4d62d7b7c62eb38a6b0c94a0a39882dec2d9da","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d67162c4ea798c2b936712035b4d62d7b7c62eb38a6b0c94a0a39882dec2d9da"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T09:17:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGRWV6ENTWWCP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"88d7b933e12a048c65fc8a4ccff1926090ac8d0647249589b060d0cd76d47cb1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-07-05T07:23:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"81dd42b9ebae61b4802bcca037266496cbfbb0192d9e58fd074aaf88b30a4b5d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.03928","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.03928","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.03928v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.03928","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YXCA6UIJ75IG","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YXCA6UIJ75IGYUGR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YXCA6UIJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d67162c4ea798c2b936712035b4d62d7b7c62eb38a6b0c94a0a39882dec2d9da","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.03928/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Nowadays, single Large Language Model (LLM) struggles with critical issues such as hallucination and inadequate reasoning abilities. To mitigate these issues, Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has emerged as an effective strategy, where LLM agents engage in in-depth debates with others on tasks. However, existing MAD methods face two major issues: (a) too lengthy input contexts, which causes LLM agents to get lost in plenty of input information and experiences performance drop; and (b) the overconfidence dilemma, where self-assured LLM agents dominate the debate, leading to low debating effectiveness. ","authors_text":"Chen Gong, Sheng Wan, Yiliu Sun, Zicheng Zhao","cross_cats":["cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-07-05T07:23:15Z","title":"CortexDebate: Debating Sparsely and Equally for Multi-Agent Debate"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.03928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:412caae94783bce9cabfd9a209e6ad40276906c1c2d9bc803fb040a647312d38","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"88d7b933e12a048c65fc8a4ccff1926090ac8d0647249589b060d0cd76d47cb1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-07-05T07:23:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"81dd42b9ebae61b4802bcca037266496cbfbb0192d9e58fd074aaf88b30a4b5d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.03928","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c5c40f5109ff506c50d1b57c46ced613ce76974586bb714e63cd82dcc82246f9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c5c40f5109ff506c50d1b57c46ced613ce76974586bb714e63cd82dcc82246f9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37.404404Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37.404404Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FPzMkJdxpBEHOdOGQDcUvoQ9HFVL7JoD2pGu+JNin/MBa89haRl1qiXuYHCysGcP0Fp3883ZQcfVBh54SFT6CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:32:37.404898Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.03928","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:412caae94783bce9cabfd9a209e6ad40276906c1c2d9bc803fb040a647312d38","sha256:d67162c4ea798c2b936712035b4d62d7b7c62eb38a6b0c94a0a39882dec2d9da"],"state_sha256":"741b69daf59e1175e32fc68541e92e8019de48c8ad0b9c187823a9312bd019f4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hewXorgLzoJrluCNWOx2R666uPcl1HH5W/obY9e2awKxoctdAmKrpTHbO99lSqSqwooFQg9B4ifmnIr1zSLxCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T09:17:08.992438Z","bundle_sha256":"66e9f100878ab4ad3301d33efcd40a3d08201fdeb8d1c62e139f31b488010def"}}