{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM","short_pith_number":"pith:YZ7MBCSY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1305.7423","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2013-05-31T14:38:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6cb6fa41ff5bf87521322ee522a65612727a356da16dd5a25755c386a19169c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"8f8af2b541737c773b62101845dfc9b5355086b5677e13e8b28a87d1a2f62bcd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c67ec08a582117c22921e77b500dd9bb3d03ff79a3376d6dfe1ed5203790acbc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1305.7423","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1305.7423","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1305.7423v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1305.7423","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YZ7MBCSYEEL4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YZ7MBCSY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1305.7423","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2013-05-31T14:38:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6cb6fa41ff5bf87521322ee522a65612727a356da16dd5a25755c386a19169c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"8f8af2b541737c773b62101845dfc9b5355086b5677e13e8b28a87d1a2f62bcd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c67ec08a582117c22921e77b500dd9bb3d03ff79a3376d6dfe1ed5203790acbc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06.999275Z","signature_b64":"hvR2I1Jokn81LP4/UvLR4gUv78l3zpWyMipvzkXhyqJeYl+pq6vHo+VIJqKoMhOvOifnjUzVzYGhpAUPb9FTDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c67ec08a582117c22921e77b500dd9bb3d03ff79a3376d6dfe1ed5203790acbc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06.998761Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06.998761Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1305.7423","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h4TgeoLViTDxlIM2+5Firnz2CGzhpAj2byAwUJ81kkQzj0ieVH3F86JabnSGMpA69AbOezB5vOa1XD2qeXF6Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T08:48:08.888355Z"},"content_sha256":"65e4a963b7ccbd4a7c7b60ae4bcabcdffc0e614e181e2ebdf4b44bbccf3c9df9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:65e4a963b7ccbd4a7c7b60ae4bcabcdffc0e614e181e2ebdf4b44bbccf3c9df9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Bi-axial shear of confined colloidal suspensions: the structure and rheology of the vorticity-aligned string phase","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Itai Cohen, Neil Y. Lin, Xiang Cheng","submitted_at":"2013-05-31T14:38:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using a novel bi-axial confocal rheoscope, we investigate the structure and rheology of sheared colloidal suspensions under confinement. Consistent with previous work [X. Cheng \\textit{et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.}, 2011, 109, 63], we observe a vorticity-aligned string phase in moderate concentrated colloidal suspensions under uniaxial shear. Using bi-axial shear protocols, we directly manipulate the orientation and morphology of the string structures. Simultaneously, we measure the suspension rheology along both the flow and vorticity directions with a bi-axial force measurement de"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1305.7423","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"q1p8ienNJ8trZoapdFM/Cy+n/J5rxO8XkaDoDrdfdClSa8/i1TZfp8cwmYgaw3piLxD+fMtlEg/U4PqO1PucDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T08:48:08.888728Z"},"content_sha256":"5a1ebf0462c0841aa3778476a57e43396c828f98cc09079329bdb9810fe4034b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a1ebf0462c0841aa3778476a57e43396c828f98cc09079329bdb9810fe4034b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T08:48:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB455VADOZXM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8f8af2b541737c773b62101845dfc9b5355086b5677e13e8b28a87d1a2f62bcd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2013-05-31T14:38:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"6cb6fa41ff5bf87521322ee522a65612727a356da16dd5a25755c386a19169c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1305.7423","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1305.7423","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1305.7423v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1305.7423","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YZ7MBCSYEEL4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YZ7MBCSYEEL4EKJB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YZ7MBCSY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5a1ebf0462c0841aa3778476a57e43396c828f98cc09079329bdb9810fe4034b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using a novel bi-axial confocal rheoscope, we investigate the structure and rheology of sheared colloidal suspensions under confinement. Consistent with previous work [X. Cheng \\textit{et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.}, 2011, 109, 63], we observe a vorticity-aligned string phase in moderate concentrated colloidal suspensions under uniaxial shear. Using bi-axial shear protocols, we directly manipulate the orientation and morphology of the string structures. Simultaneously, we measure the suspension rheology along both the flow and vorticity directions with a bi-axial force measurement de","authors_text":"Itai Cohen, Neil Y. Lin, Xiang Cheng","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2013-05-31T14:38:10Z","title":"Bi-axial shear of confined colloidal suspensions: the structure and rheology of the vorticity-aligned string phase"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1305.7423","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:65e4a963b7ccbd4a7c7b60ae4bcabcdffc0e614e181e2ebdf4b44bbccf3c9df9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8f8af2b541737c773b62101845dfc9b5355086b5677e13e8b28a87d1a2f62bcd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2013-05-31T14:38:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"6cb6fa41ff5bf87521322ee522a65612727a356da16dd5a25755c386a19169c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1305.7423","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c67ec08a582117c22921e77b500dd9bb3d03ff79a3376d6dfe1ed5203790acbc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c67ec08a582117c22921e77b500dd9bb3d03ff79a3376d6dfe1ed5203790acbc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06.998761Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06.998761Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hvR2I1Jokn81LP4/UvLR4gUv78l3zpWyMipvzkXhyqJeYl+pq6vHo+VIJqKoMhOvOifnjUzVzYGhpAUPb9FTDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:22:06.999275Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1305.7423","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:65e4a963b7ccbd4a7c7b60ae4bcabcdffc0e614e181e2ebdf4b44bbccf3c9df9","sha256:5a1ebf0462c0841aa3778476a57e43396c828f98cc09079329bdb9810fe4034b"],"state_sha256":"338cad3344df906202019b172317bc45c4d84d728a5de115f28e58260dd267b1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oLl2IWnUA0m86prKV3/0f8iOMmSMGqSzXKI1YD+O8WKQbTjk3uCg6nqM2jjO8nGWDvHfgIYezeQyFQqz88OCCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T08:48:08.891031Z","bundle_sha256":"d9762ee9ae01f07ea75e069104198483d40f6995bd8b78c20943c4d80303244b"}}