{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM","short_pith_number":"pith:Z32UTGGF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.06227","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-17T11:51:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9c948143064bb64087e9cfeb8ecf640a8805a197e1b8d2bd6305faf5ec1f75ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"33fbd00c628c96a87038760304efd12c7fa3b981acf076c42bdaf9f14dc8573c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cef54998c5bf306f573bb4efdee3bf4b1bf2903f1a10fa0224aa3fea89bb123a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1710.06227","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.06227","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.06227v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.06227","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z32UTGGFX4YG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z32UTGGF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.06227","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-17T11:51:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9c948143064bb64087e9cfeb8ecf640a8805a197e1b8d2bd6305faf5ec1f75ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"33fbd00c628c96a87038760304efd12c7fa3b981acf076c42bdaf9f14dc8573c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cef54998c5bf306f573bb4efdee3bf4b1bf2903f1a10fa0224aa3fea89bb123a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15.581649Z","signature_b64":"ou67vjQojgVOJ86Ec83DAYSd3IDlrYQRxBTR/rBBloqZuUXM8SlJCPCRKQ6TlzJRXOKsXTBqPK08tcQNL5e3BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cef54998c5bf306f573bb4efdee3bf4b1bf2903f1a10fa0224aa3fea89bb123a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15.580969Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15.580969Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1710.06227","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TQCb+BjEefQY3u2wIn/Thvdz03EbhsZXuLUUfODq/5Hj+k4EI4yqPVQoMJSL2Ztl7IBhm8JleIIeCj8698RxBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T06:25:41.886793Z"},"content_sha256":"7d79f0a785febb26882f11e0a671e1cfceab05714bd9cea57e3e21d3474a354d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7d79f0a785febb26882f11e0a671e1cfceab05714bd9cea57e3e21d3474a354d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Unified mechanism of the surface Fermi level pinning in III-As nanowires","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"A. N. Smirnov, G. E. Cirlin, M. S. Dunaevskiy, P. A. Alekseev, R. R. Reznik, V. L. Berkovits, V. Yu. Davydov","submitted_at":"2017-10-17T11:51:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"Fermi level pinning at the oxidized (110) surfaces of III-As nanowires (GaAs, InAs, InGaAs, AlGaAs) is studied. Using scanning gradient Kelvin probe microscopy, we show that the Fermi level at oxidized cleavage surfaces of ternary Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As (0$\\le$x$\\le$0.45) and Ga$_{x}$In$_{1-x}$As (0$\\le$x$\\le$1) alloys is pinned at the same position of 4.8$\\pm$0.1 eV with regard to the vacuum level. The finding implies a unified mechanism of the Fermi level pinning for such surfaces. Further investigation, performed by Raman scattering and photoluminescence spectroscopy, shows that photooxidatio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.06227","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"M78yv1qrgnyPJZnE2od4LYtnvHs7huJNeml54nFtrC4biGwLFggsibTPU6nB10BMGDyDbzxGqaKiYGFYIZveCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T06:25:41.887146Z"},"content_sha256":"dabd5b536a0cc3c936080119d7b7706cd4bdea8038a2f54a936affe3afdebcad","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dabd5b536a0cc3c936080119d7b7706cd4bdea8038a2f54a936affe3afdebcad"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T06:25:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3WTX55Y57JM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"33fbd00c628c96a87038760304efd12c7fa3b981acf076c42bdaf9f14dc8573c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-17T11:51:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"9c948143064bb64087e9cfeb8ecf640a8805a197e1b8d2bd6305faf5ec1f75ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.06227","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.06227","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.06227v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.06227","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z32UTGGFX4YG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z32UTGGFX4YG6VZ3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z32UTGGF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dabd5b536a0cc3c936080119d7b7706cd4bdea8038a2f54a936affe3afdebcad","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Fermi level pinning at the oxidized (110) surfaces of III-As nanowires (GaAs, InAs, InGaAs, AlGaAs) is studied. Using scanning gradient Kelvin probe microscopy, we show that the Fermi level at oxidized cleavage surfaces of ternary Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As (0$\\le$x$\\le$0.45) and Ga$_{x}$In$_{1-x}$As (0$\\le$x$\\le$1) alloys is pinned at the same position of 4.8$\\pm$0.1 eV with regard to the vacuum level. The finding implies a unified mechanism of the Fermi level pinning for such surfaces. Further investigation, performed by Raman scattering and photoluminescence spectroscopy, shows that photooxidatio","authors_text":"A. N. Smirnov, G. E. Cirlin, M. S. Dunaevskiy, P. A. Alekseev, R. R. Reznik, V. L. Berkovits, V. Yu. Davydov","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-17T11:51:53Z","title":"Unified mechanism of the surface Fermi level pinning in III-As nanowires"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.06227","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7d79f0a785febb26882f11e0a671e1cfceab05714bd9cea57e3e21d3474a354d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"33fbd00c628c96a87038760304efd12c7fa3b981acf076c42bdaf9f14dc8573c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-17T11:51:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"9c948143064bb64087e9cfeb8ecf640a8805a197e1b8d2bd6305faf5ec1f75ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.06227","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"cef54998c5bf306f573bb4efdee3bf4b1bf2903f1a10fa0224aa3fea89bb123a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cef54998c5bf306f573bb4efdee3bf4b1bf2903f1a10fa0224aa3fea89bb123a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15.580969Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15.580969Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ou67vjQojgVOJ86Ec83DAYSd3IDlrYQRxBTR/rBBloqZuUXM8SlJCPCRKQ6TlzJRXOKsXTBqPK08tcQNL5e3BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:15.581649Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.06227","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7d79f0a785febb26882f11e0a671e1cfceab05714bd9cea57e3e21d3474a354d","sha256:dabd5b536a0cc3c936080119d7b7706cd4bdea8038a2f54a936affe3afdebcad"],"state_sha256":"2d9064ff60bb73a06cc581f82971dc54e022aee1f7c4a81d35238a1ff867fd92"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6uPNubX9z3X6ibpds7NPwJph9VPHjlMRiVcQdI6zKD85DApaGEc7a/DXnvF8p93GuO0zwrI4tIbY9LIFOGPkAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T06:25:41.889428Z","bundle_sha256":"7373284aa2804de52855b79d64b1ff87096d2cb51fe70d27226a237e3d78b0ee"}}