{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5","short_pith_number":"pith:Z44NZUCY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.07533","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-12T11:15:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"10bef33044011f536b96bfe85fb126a5cf3a63adb5456e6b2554c4e9be98ad0a","abstract_canon_sha256":"efd2e24dd6da8044e60f3498e71dbf46bf064c77ce14175c50f3546af4300656"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cf38dcd05821551b9448325db1ed54b75d40d044581d6202d02620c8c5f6f56d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.07533","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.07533","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.07533v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07533","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z44NZUCYEFKR","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCI","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z44NZUCY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.07533","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-12T11:15:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"10bef33044011f536b96bfe85fb126a5cf3a63adb5456e6b2554c4e9be98ad0a","abstract_canon_sha256":"efd2e24dd6da8044e60f3498e71dbf46bf064c77ce14175c50f3546af4300656"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cf38dcd05821551b9448325db1ed54b75d40d044581d6202d02620c8c5f6f56d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35.771481Z","signature_b64":"PZkRzYFVacMJISmUF+mO1nTANJAd8WTB1GDiP6XyGWaRMkMxKIMJVZLp5ibtsfL1ebG1sCx5oZEt9W+rSyGmBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cf38dcd05821551b9448325db1ed54b75d40d044581d6202d02620c8c5f6f56d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35.770956Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35.770956Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.07533","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rFQC8WJxAZJf5uXO7c2Q7WzLXMwVxPyZTonFuju5nYph/nOJpnVdjj+hzlJiewsc3wFJGMe1XPe0bbwDDunHAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T14:08:04.365124Z"},"content_sha256":"d997b85f68f25b8ff3d23927370c73ba962f7255a9755c835ac45e7814e4f45e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d997b85f68f25b8ff3d23927370c73ba962f7255a9755c835ac45e7814e4f45e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Turbulent mixed convection in vertical and horizontal channels","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Christopher J. Howland, Detlef Lohse, Guru Sreevanshu Yerragolam, Roberto Verzicco","submitted_at":"2024-03-12T11:15:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Turbulent shear flows driven by a combination of a pressure gradient and buoyancy forcing are investigated using direct numerical simulations. Specifically, we consider the setup of a differentially heated vertical channel subject to a Poiseuille-like horizontal pressure gradient. We explore the response of the system to its three control parameters: the Grashof number $Gr$, the Prandtl number $Pr$, and the Reynolds number $Re$ of the pressure-driven flow. From these input parameters, the relative strength of buoyancy driving to the pressure gradient can be quantified by the Richardson number "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.07533","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.07533/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yTTfXxKPJHKVykU/Cu6XgZWSgOK3ihmBYeF/OOWCktg5oWnFhrhHNjJON+huJezD+MewmgV2Zwk4M6TiP2bADA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T14:08:04.365459Z"},"content_sha256":"b82e23c40c4b325b95f99e4b0973b2bb71b79e72b1072acbbfd4b78e4ff64329","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b82e23c40c4b325b95f99e4b0973b2bb71b79e72b1072acbbfd4b78e4ff64329"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T14:08:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCIGJO3D3KUW5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"efd2e24dd6da8044e60f3498e71dbf46bf064c77ce14175c50f3546af4300656","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-12T11:15:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"10bef33044011f536b96bfe85fb126a5cf3a63adb5456e6b2554c4e9be98ad0a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.07533","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.07533","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.07533v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07533","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z44NZUCYEFKR","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z44NZUCYEFKRXFCI","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z44NZUCY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b82e23c40c4b325b95f99e4b0973b2bb71b79e72b1072acbbfd4b78e4ff64329","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.07533/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Turbulent shear flows driven by a combination of a pressure gradient and buoyancy forcing are investigated using direct numerical simulations. Specifically, we consider the setup of a differentially heated vertical channel subject to a Poiseuille-like horizontal pressure gradient. We explore the response of the system to its three control parameters: the Grashof number $Gr$, the Prandtl number $Pr$, and the Reynolds number $Re$ of the pressure-driven flow. From these input parameters, the relative strength of buoyancy driving to the pressure gradient can be quantified by the Richardson number ","authors_text":"Christopher J. Howland, Detlef Lohse, Guru Sreevanshu Yerragolam, Roberto Verzicco","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-12T11:15:21Z","title":"Turbulent mixed convection in vertical and horizontal channels"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.07533","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d997b85f68f25b8ff3d23927370c73ba962f7255a9755c835ac45e7814e4f45e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"efd2e24dd6da8044e60f3498e71dbf46bf064c77ce14175c50f3546af4300656","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-12T11:15:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"10bef33044011f536b96bfe85fb126a5cf3a63adb5456e6b2554c4e9be98ad0a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.07533","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"cf38dcd05821551b9448325db1ed54b75d40d044581d6202d02620c8c5f6f56d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cf38dcd05821551b9448325db1ed54b75d40d044581d6202d02620c8c5f6f56d","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35.770956Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35.770956Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PZkRzYFVacMJISmUF+mO1nTANJAd8WTB1GDiP6XyGWaRMkMxKIMJVZLp5ibtsfL1ebG1sCx5oZEt9W+rSyGmBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:35.771481Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.07533","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d997b85f68f25b8ff3d23927370c73ba962f7255a9755c835ac45e7814e4f45e","sha256:b82e23c40c4b325b95f99e4b0973b2bb71b79e72b1072acbbfd4b78e4ff64329"],"state_sha256":"797544b7811243208441cd33073c421d4bde8c73b5a189f61b20e60df868eade"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9lBIgZetqZW/y8mE8UxR9udYX7q5iMUGLAaWy01OMJ6oyaYyNvVFpGGhd5y88Ieyf9rbMzUlzjPjjBtDH014Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T14:08:04.367607Z","bundle_sha256":"82967e32c9d7682f803e3fe288cf33c5f7259d14e3ea7143df04d7fdbb000b09"}}