{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC","short_pith_number":"pith:Z67Q6E43","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05491","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T14:46:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"ea1ded4d855c8e36bb3128261fff38bd7322528a5623d79a4c1bc0ebe207d465","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c9a14b8a1eab57d5d7ff1b66edd50b1aae803339193e7523762771552ff2442"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cfbf0f139bd082cb762b744bbc1f2998bff641e0e8479969d9331db8c2472c1c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1612.05491","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05491","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05491v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05491","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z67Q6E432CBM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z67Q6E432CBMW5RL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z67Q6E43","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05491","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T14:46:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"ea1ded4d855c8e36bb3128261fff38bd7322528a5623d79a4c1bc0ebe207d465","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c9a14b8a1eab57d5d7ff1b66edd50b1aae803339193e7523762771552ff2442"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cfbf0f139bd082cb762b744bbc1f2998bff641e0e8479969d9331db8c2472c1c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41.439584Z","signature_b64":"+ZHYSrAx3Wy9eBcfIF62dnl4di+ncCW3RNK1TVI4Z5t2FAUGJglw0UwgfDiVyH8iQ0mD7tq27CkHuxJcDesCDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cfbf0f139bd082cb762b744bbc1f2998bff641e0e8479969d9331db8c2472c1c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41.439213Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41.439213Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1612.05491","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"449X5H+EwJ+6HdEwtvrAlymEm4T7V8NwKI8LkY4AsUt0gWlhCjgASvo13jaMJgyCh1Nh4zvrJ5DOrezUEoqLDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T18:20:09.121345Z"},"content_sha256":"87ce221c9518fd54c57b04a59352e87cfb8c60cef4c450053c790373822eb634","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:87ce221c9518fd54c57b04a59352e87cfb8c60cef4c450053c790373822eb634"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Strong Federations: An Interoperable Blockchain Solution to Centralized Third-Party Risks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Andrew Poelstra, Ben Gorlick, Johnny Dilley, Jonathan Wilkins, Mark Friedenbach, Marta Piekarska","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T14:46:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"Bitcoin, the first peer-to-peer electronic cash system, opened the door to permissionless, private, and trustless transactions. Attempts to repurpose Bitcoin's underlying blockchain technology have run up against fundamental limitations to privacy, faithful execution, and transaction finality. We introduce \\emph{Strong Federations}: publicly verifiable, Byzantine-robust transaction networks that facilitate movement of any asset between disparate markets, without requiring third-party trust. \\emph{Strong Federations} enable commercial privacy, with support for transactions where asset types and"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05491","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O2R7hEjNUz45djnk7mW94USNMMb3u1LvTB4rltZE2oWSA9W0KWl1nTIw2Ez+WbKQgen7kbB0Ruket3uQ1Ea4Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T18:20:09.121693Z"},"content_sha256":"6b91ea411c14efe80391a1177fc1b2997b299472d86680cb84abfef0955fb73f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6b91ea411c14efe80391a1177fc1b2997b299472d86680cb84abfef0955fb73f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-29T18:20:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:Z67Q6E432CBMW5RLORF3YHZJTC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c9a14b8a1eab57d5d7ff1b66edd50b1aae803339193e7523762771552ff2442","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T14:46:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"ea1ded4d855c8e36bb3128261fff38bd7322528a5623d79a4c1bc0ebe207d465"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.05491","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05491","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05491v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05491","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z67Q6E432CBM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z67Q6E432CBMW5RL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z67Q6E43","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6b91ea411c14efe80391a1177fc1b2997b299472d86680cb84abfef0955fb73f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Bitcoin, the first peer-to-peer electronic cash system, opened the door to permissionless, private, and trustless transactions. Attempts to repurpose Bitcoin's underlying blockchain technology have run up against fundamental limitations to privacy, faithful execution, and transaction finality. We introduce \\emph{Strong Federations}: publicly verifiable, Byzantine-robust transaction networks that facilitate movement of any asset between disparate markets, without requiring third-party trust. \\emph{Strong Federations} enable commercial privacy, with support for transactions where asset types and","authors_text":"Andrew Poelstra, Ben Gorlick, Johnny Dilley, Jonathan Wilkins, Mark Friedenbach, Marta Piekarska","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T14:46:46Z","title":"Strong Federations: An Interoperable Blockchain Solution to Centralized Third-Party Risks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05491","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:87ce221c9518fd54c57b04a59352e87cfb8c60cef4c450053c790373822eb634","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c9a14b8a1eab57d5d7ff1b66edd50b1aae803339193e7523762771552ff2442","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T14:46:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"ea1ded4d855c8e36bb3128261fff38bd7322528a5623d79a4c1bc0ebe207d465"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.05491","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"cfbf0f139bd082cb762b744bbc1f2998bff641e0e8479969d9331db8c2472c1c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cfbf0f139bd082cb762b744bbc1f2998bff641e0e8479969d9331db8c2472c1c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41.439213Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41.439213Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+ZHYSrAx3Wy9eBcfIF62dnl4di+ncCW3RNK1TVI4Z5t2FAUGJglw0UwgfDiVyH8iQ0mD7tq27CkHuxJcDesCDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:41.439584Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1612.05491","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:87ce221c9518fd54c57b04a59352e87cfb8c60cef4c450053c790373822eb634","sha256:6b91ea411c14efe80391a1177fc1b2997b299472d86680cb84abfef0955fb73f"],"state_sha256":"1d709d48a1feca66bbc34b6b39a50632fa14025032d5b9f4843a7e9ff4486ff6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QW+p5sIfrF6S4RBCW97wWCay6M5MEGYGNU40ckpXTqIkVC9jiBFCcwyIJBXexGG9lx6awd5IP5KjIhqnnhnhBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T18:20:09.123557Z","bundle_sha256":"96a19ee00947adc30da424c3e375acc1e8e622bfa5cd920e97440db631ea052b"}}