{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7","short_pith_number":"pith:Z6EVH3TK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1603.04077","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-03-13T21:16:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3246a493ffda3824603b3dcf2416c874a738255182d5536dcdbdc4b2ed8fe511","abstract_canon_sha256":"44f46fc4b3307c63453afde0e0566c1771044c90190c6d7d07037d6b7c7a40f6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cf8953ee6ac32d43696dfa6657387337c0927883b812a12e0c2515cd5625a17e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1603.04077","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1603.04077","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1603.04077v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1603.04077","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z6EVH3TKYMWU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z6EVH3TK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1603.04077","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-03-13T21:16:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3246a493ffda3824603b3dcf2416c874a738255182d5536dcdbdc4b2ed8fe511","abstract_canon_sha256":"44f46fc4b3307c63453afde0e0566c1771044c90190c6d7d07037d6b7c7a40f6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cf8953ee6ac32d43696dfa6657387337c0927883b812a12e0c2515cd5625a17e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11.802371Z","signature_b64":"dWHPdO7fBjBMRZdhBjMkJyrP80rMdm1DM//7S+gOUCI9oSGjV9HdeRJCO3QPVA5PLWgLeyZIBaIfNo1fQzX2DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cf8953ee6ac32d43696dfa6657387337c0927883b812a12e0c2515cd5625a17e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11.801579Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11.801579Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1603.04077","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MihyvJ75aVzvCQFS+ELVnfPprAgy/4pwOJ6gtc+XRMoOX0ldul8gf3XzZlwh32GBWlxZrBhnGhFL35BBJ8IhCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T20:44:39.546944Z"},"content_sha256":"63a690cc51da564a78f6e73969f9e89099e7e6da4adbd4d8d664e935c0f61dfc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:63a690cc51da564a78f6e73969f9e89099e7e6da4adbd4d8d664e935c0f61dfc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Speed and structure of turbulent fronts in pipe flow","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Baofang Song, Bj\\\"orn Hof, Dwight Barkley, Marc Avila","submitted_at":"2016-03-13T21:16:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using extensive direct numerical simulations, the dynamics of laminar-turbulent fronts in pipe flow is investigated for Reynolds numbers between $Re=2000$ and $5500$. We here investigate the physical distinction between the fronts of weak and strong slugs both by analysing the turbulent kinetic energy budget and by comparing the downstream front motion to the advection speed of bulk turbulent structures. Our study shows that weak downstream fronts travel slower than turbulent structures in the bulk and correspond to decaying turbulence at the front. At $Re\\simeq 2900$ the downstream front spee"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1603.04077","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LRERkcbVI3vutZMfBH9O3JFxeCgNyQc15GduBK22LnAIIDxN14wye0hvgKkZ/FUVeeFJkm3DYoUWqtpfDIEnDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T20:44:39.547602Z"},"content_sha256":"4dd4776c02059d7b2a352c57cdc97223e3fe7c47b036ffe0de75e963227cd9e8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4dd4776c02059d7b2a352c57cdc97223e3fe7c47b036ffe0de75e963227cd9e8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T20:44:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN7JTFOODTG7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"44f46fc4b3307c63453afde0e0566c1771044c90190c6d7d07037d6b7c7a40f6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-03-13T21:16:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"3246a493ffda3824603b3dcf2416c874a738255182d5536dcdbdc4b2ed8fe511"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1603.04077","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1603.04077","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1603.04077v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1603.04077","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z6EVH3TKYMWU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z6EVH3TKYMWUG2LN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z6EVH3TK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4dd4776c02059d7b2a352c57cdc97223e3fe7c47b036ffe0de75e963227cd9e8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using extensive direct numerical simulations, the dynamics of laminar-turbulent fronts in pipe flow is investigated for Reynolds numbers between $Re=2000$ and $5500$. We here investigate the physical distinction between the fronts of weak and strong slugs both by analysing the turbulent kinetic energy budget and by comparing the downstream front motion to the advection speed of bulk turbulent structures. Our study shows that weak downstream fronts travel slower than turbulent structures in the bulk and correspond to decaying turbulence at the front. At $Re\\simeq 2900$ the downstream front spee","authors_text":"Baofang Song, Bj\\\"orn Hof, Dwight Barkley, Marc Avila","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-03-13T21:16:49Z","title":"Speed and structure of turbulent fronts in pipe flow"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1603.04077","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:63a690cc51da564a78f6e73969f9e89099e7e6da4adbd4d8d664e935c0f61dfc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"44f46fc4b3307c63453afde0e0566c1771044c90190c6d7d07037d6b7c7a40f6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-03-13T21:16:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"3246a493ffda3824603b3dcf2416c874a738255182d5536dcdbdc4b2ed8fe511"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1603.04077","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"cf8953ee6ac32d43696dfa6657387337c0927883b812a12e0c2515cd5625a17e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cf8953ee6ac32d43696dfa6657387337c0927883b812a12e0c2515cd5625a17e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11.801579Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11.801579Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dWHPdO7fBjBMRZdhBjMkJyrP80rMdm1DM//7S+gOUCI9oSGjV9HdeRJCO3QPVA5PLWgLeyZIBaIfNo1fQzX2DQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:11.802371Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1603.04077","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:63a690cc51da564a78f6e73969f9e89099e7e6da4adbd4d8d664e935c0f61dfc","sha256:4dd4776c02059d7b2a352c57cdc97223e3fe7c47b036ffe0de75e963227cd9e8"],"state_sha256":"e56ffe7e9eaa0d4e7dfc09b7188ca427f539b422a5dfee6d358676aeb281e8a5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HLpLorplPAT/XVrkYmAaMUF/jC6udd3hodbuTGf62OelDXO8iWkSyJ2K7H36DMNOtLjkiJuOwVU/Q8YtIvzOBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T20:44:39.551477Z","bundle_sha256":"f59155dfdd7e9cec2d72924d28522f9049d91e3c4ae99227fd8471e297c5b1d7"}}