{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP","short_pith_number":"pith:Z736VI2K","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1204.2620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2012-04-12T05:14:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2dcb8942e73b99ee072e26be225c4f470033631a1450d0b897403e2a56695270","abstract_canon_sha256":"adfdd28820e793acfee272e19486a56bae1f57677b4f88fa76096b9a79f741bd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cff7eaa34a9d07b38f5d4a91325d36a3dbfecb25a43e0d3ec52e11303d1a6405","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1204.2620","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1204.2620","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1204.2620v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1204.2620","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z736VI2KTUD3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z736VI2KTUD3HD25","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z736VI2K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1204.2620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2012-04-12T05:14:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2dcb8942e73b99ee072e26be225c4f470033631a1450d0b897403e2a56695270","abstract_canon_sha256":"adfdd28820e793acfee272e19486a56bae1f57677b4f88fa76096b9a79f741bd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cff7eaa34a9d07b38f5d4a91325d36a3dbfecb25a43e0d3ec52e11303d1a6405","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44.779666Z","signature_b64":"2TeRxjKqDH32uHPAv5HmDbHqxKlPD4IkdDSYpygQ1IYratAeEiEJGv3JS49FStB1inpbj0Wty+1nxnoPQg5DBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cff7eaa34a9d07b38f5d4a91325d36a3dbfecb25a43e0d3ec52e11303d1a6405","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44.779111Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44.779111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1204.2620","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K+7xrA3yzEfhdsKhmFCw/hEkzIXsDikOuqLshWQl0ylR+9oDFpllaoUXDzSi8s1W4XJvXOQVzTJo8tM5wLa2AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:46:11.116192Z"},"content_sha256":"dc1f078192f7fcdecf1b3fe255bd112ca7dc73a86f4bf5659dde0188b1290923","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dc1f078192f7fcdecf1b3fe255bd112ca7dc73a86f4bf5659dde0188b1290923"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Transverse localization of light in 1D disordered waveguide lattices with backbone photonic bandgap","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"B. P. Pal, H. Ahmad, R. K. Varshney, Somnath Ghosh","submitted_at":"2012-04-12T05:14:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"The role of a prominent photonic bandgap (PBG) on the phenomenon of transverse localization of light in a semi-infinite lossless waveguide lattice consisting of evanescently coupled disordered one-dimensional optical waveguides has been investigated numerically. The interplay between the underlying photonic bandgap due to inherent periodicity of the optical system and various levels of deliberately induced transverse disorder in its refractive index periodicity has been studied. We show that the PBG indeed plays an important role and its simultaneous presence could catalyze realization of loca"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.2620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8DKBDB2iy5+4i4tJsMX3rPb4G40mIA+F6fGz0O8dJJ5s8I0COYGVHVmR4vaWYwayNjzGGLfKegaC9TymQKo/DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:46:11.116582Z"},"content_sha256":"c8f78f393517a57af1f388174ae548901bf6f63110d18d04c5d82c752b1fafc2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c8f78f393517a57af1f388174ae548901bf6f63110d18d04c5d82c752b1fafc2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T20:46:11Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:Z736VI2KTUD3HD25JKITEXJWUP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"adfdd28820e793acfee272e19486a56bae1f57677b4f88fa76096b9a79f741bd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2012-04-12T05:14:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"2dcb8942e73b99ee072e26be225c4f470033631a1450d0b897403e2a56695270"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1204.2620","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1204.2620","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1204.2620v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1204.2620","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Z736VI2KTUD3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Z736VI2KTUD3HD25","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Z736VI2K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c8f78f393517a57af1f388174ae548901bf6f63110d18d04c5d82c752b1fafc2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The role of a prominent photonic bandgap (PBG) on the phenomenon of transverse localization of light in a semi-infinite lossless waveguide lattice consisting of evanescently coupled disordered one-dimensional optical waveguides has been investigated numerically. The interplay between the underlying photonic bandgap due to inherent periodicity of the optical system and various levels of deliberately induced transverse disorder in its refractive index periodicity has been studied. We show that the PBG indeed plays an important role and its simultaneous presence could catalyze realization of loca","authors_text":"B. P. Pal, H. Ahmad, R. K. Varshney, Somnath Ghosh","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2012-04-12T05:14:47Z","title":"Transverse localization of light in 1D disordered waveguide lattices with backbone photonic bandgap"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.2620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:dc1f078192f7fcdecf1b3fe255bd112ca7dc73a86f4bf5659dde0188b1290923","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"adfdd28820e793acfee272e19486a56bae1f57677b4f88fa76096b9a79f741bd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2012-04-12T05:14:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"2dcb8942e73b99ee072e26be225c4f470033631a1450d0b897403e2a56695270"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1204.2620","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"cff7eaa34a9d07b38f5d4a91325d36a3dbfecb25a43e0d3ec52e11303d1a6405","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cff7eaa34a9d07b38f5d4a91325d36a3dbfecb25a43e0d3ec52e11303d1a6405","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44.779111Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44.779111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"2TeRxjKqDH32uHPAv5HmDbHqxKlPD4IkdDSYpygQ1IYratAeEiEJGv3JS49FStB1inpbj0Wty+1nxnoPQg5DBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:05:44.779666Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1204.2620","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:dc1f078192f7fcdecf1b3fe255bd112ca7dc73a86f4bf5659dde0188b1290923","sha256:c8f78f393517a57af1f388174ae548901bf6f63110d18d04c5d82c752b1fafc2"],"state_sha256":"4bd58705d2b0a91e2c00d0bc1a92dc8f1d7bbe93d9d668cb56034daf1f1e121c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"knyX1XTDQ12XMBUjFaTRnU/SD+h1pnzVPPGxbsji8cVCoPTzGbk2Tcn87V423Uk3ZgFRL5ENjRlqHaI4SdbQAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:46:11.118964Z","bundle_sha256":"1b8192349076cbfc088d5395ff6a184caeddf8eb10654dbf20a58369c89f7c9e"}}