{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU","short_pith_number":"pith:ZB3RMVZU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1802.06845","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-02-19T20:50:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1c8cf9ec75c36c3b2300b2f63fdfbff6752aabe91c1eaf571622092c1cd87261","abstract_canon_sha256":"ced1e1a2eaf350f35f9fb5be22b70fe35e6ec229160d26c19e4f6330a4cdf54b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c87716573417128807845cffc123390506bd5d5ce0e014b1cbbceb4bc900f99d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1802.06845","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1802.06845","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1802.06845v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1802.06845","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZB3RMVZUC4JI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZB3RMVZU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1802.06845","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-02-19T20:50:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1c8cf9ec75c36c3b2300b2f63fdfbff6752aabe91c1eaf571622092c1cd87261","abstract_canon_sha256":"ced1e1a2eaf350f35f9fb5be22b70fe35e6ec229160d26c19e4f6330a4cdf54b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c87716573417128807845cffc123390506bd5d5ce0e014b1cbbceb4bc900f99d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14.294061Z","signature_b64":"rDo3+GEbOh3f3vTt5z06Vq9W0ssJAj8wXbiRzhY4PMfxUKgByF7ip/PAY7wLUHe5uPFSYvXQaOv5jU+lrHihAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c87716573417128807845cffc123390506bd5d5ce0e014b1cbbceb4bc900f99d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14.293367Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14.293367Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1802.06845","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kO4vpRutE/hy7FpiXCWApDkE3Z5fyX9H+IaxH6bioEklS4fTn6Fp4qkr9S0bA3/E6pHEPXpO6bepg7YXNQ86CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T17:55:48.737635Z"},"content_sha256":"2f2be2b280b3ca780a514470b8a61779d4024a2d57e25f155aeebbebaf4b6b44","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2f2be2b280b3ca780a514470b8a61779d4024a2d57e25f155aeebbebaf4b6b44"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Wall-bounded flow over a realistically rough superhydrophobic surface","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Karim Alam\\'e, Krishnan Mahesh","submitted_at":"2018-02-19T20:50:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are performed for two wall-bounded flow configurations: laminar Couette flow at $Re=740$ and turbulent channel flow at $Re_{\\tau}=180$, where $\\tau$ is the shear stress at the wall. The top wall is smooth and the bottom wall is a realistically rough superhydrophobic surface (SHS), generated from a three-dimensional surface profile measurement. The air-water interface, which is assumed to be flat, is simulated using the volume-of-fluid (VOF) approach. The laminar Couette flow is studied with varying interface heights $h$ to understand the effect on slip and dr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.06845","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NFU0Ewg3quA773ZSNZHTejy+l3sEqav1q0X0Z+fvNl63xERjSwdBweIMpHUx0SeSP22e6MVn94OvCOaD72wLAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T17:55:48.737975Z"},"content_sha256":"9a7de5b97240cc4f975eb715ecea5d9d9228965173017dbc885df1ff4f0a45bd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a7de5b97240cc4f975eb715ecea5d9d9228965173017dbc885df1ff4f0a45bd"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T17:55:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4ELT74CIZZAU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ced1e1a2eaf350f35f9fb5be22b70fe35e6ec229160d26c19e4f6330a4cdf54b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-02-19T20:50:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"1c8cf9ec75c36c3b2300b2f63fdfbff6752aabe91c1eaf571622092c1cd87261"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1802.06845","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1802.06845","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1802.06845v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1802.06845","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZB3RMVZUC4JI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZB3RMVZUC4JIQB4E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZB3RMVZU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9a7de5b97240cc4f975eb715ecea5d9d9228965173017dbc885df1ff4f0a45bd","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are performed for two wall-bounded flow configurations: laminar Couette flow at $Re=740$ and turbulent channel flow at $Re_{\\tau}=180$, where $\\tau$ is the shear stress at the wall. The top wall is smooth and the bottom wall is a realistically rough superhydrophobic surface (SHS), generated from a three-dimensional surface profile measurement. The air-water interface, which is assumed to be flat, is simulated using the volume-of-fluid (VOF) approach. The laminar Couette flow is studied with varying interface heights $h$ to understand the effect on slip and dr","authors_text":"Karim Alam\\'e, Krishnan Mahesh","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-02-19T20:50:32Z","title":"Wall-bounded flow over a realistically rough superhydrophobic surface"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.06845","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2f2be2b280b3ca780a514470b8a61779d4024a2d57e25f155aeebbebaf4b6b44","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ced1e1a2eaf350f35f9fb5be22b70fe35e6ec229160d26c19e4f6330a4cdf54b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-02-19T20:50:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"1c8cf9ec75c36c3b2300b2f63fdfbff6752aabe91c1eaf571622092c1cd87261"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1802.06845","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c87716573417128807845cffc123390506bd5d5ce0e014b1cbbceb4bc900f99d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c87716573417128807845cffc123390506bd5d5ce0e014b1cbbceb4bc900f99d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14.293367Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14.293367Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rDo3+GEbOh3f3vTt5z06Vq9W0ssJAj8wXbiRzhY4PMfxUKgByF7ip/PAY7wLUHe5uPFSYvXQaOv5jU+lrHihAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:14.294061Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1802.06845","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2f2be2b280b3ca780a514470b8a61779d4024a2d57e25f155aeebbebaf4b6b44","sha256:9a7de5b97240cc4f975eb715ecea5d9d9228965173017dbc885df1ff4f0a45bd"],"state_sha256":"4d32eb7fba75155457f31d0134ab03e44470a39b3b5be34f29e16c2b80308a0c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d/HcpKJqrk0rn0xGGKN8kSK2uOCrAu+j06saWUrvqGZW9RTzFEcNuigVaRJfpFVIowGuNZQ9VRWb+3HKFTtHDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T17:55:48.739897Z","bundle_sha256":"00a43996e8eae2cd40f31b1c2c3b5c43848ce56446becd9e7e0b3214a6870dd1"}}