{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU","short_pith_number":"pith:ZFX7LU4N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.07211","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T16:24:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"87b977216557856f0818ef90c47eb095822e580360b9c4ecad06894a2e374fd7","abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8496e6ed98be4de7a0a4838741792987953786e66443c6cd464423c5c62ae7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c96ff5d38dc72a8fe2f4f6624a8d914d01fdc3b7ac30f4e067b7657f8fd62e65","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.07211","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.07211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.07211v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.07211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZFX7LU4NY4VI","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZFX7LU4N","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.07211","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T16:24:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"87b977216557856f0818ef90c47eb095822e580360b9c4ecad06894a2e374fd7","abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8496e6ed98be4de7a0a4838741792987953786e66443c6cd464423c5c62ae7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c96ff5d38dc72a8fe2f4f6624a8d914d01fdc3b7ac30f4e067b7657f8fd62e65","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03.578258Z","signature_b64":"rCZyfLOqqAQCByiPu2jFWVI+1ymH5LX7rBtBWHTCLH+TJ1tu4yFjoGhHDNZzoKZPHfKCfe1PqWNTWLsSfqQVCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c96ff5d38dc72a8fe2f4f6624a8d914d01fdc3b7ac30f4e067b7657f8fd62e65","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03.577795Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03.577795Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.07211","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZuM1EEjoctXdKXnX5BAeFbH0IfQbG9VcRHn+2rTlt+JZpOjrP8zm+MZGGemKYVr0MMNhNPL4WQjbnubm69PJAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T21:47:30.428019Z"},"content_sha256":"bbffc19b5a602f573be5e8bb1c1b4d5b31779f49002894d9a4d7c7a3f2fbea51","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bbffc19b5a602f573be5e8bb1c1b4d5b31779f49002894d9a4d7c7a3f2fbea51"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Sword and Shield: Uses and Strategies of LLMs in Navigating Disinformation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan, Gionnieve Lim, Kellie Yu Hui Sim, Kenny Tsu Wei Choo, Ming Hui Chew, Ming Shan Hee, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Simon T. Perrault, Weiyan Shi","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T16:24:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a dual challenge in the fight against disinformation. These powerful tools, capable of generating human-like text at scale, can be weaponised to produce sophisticated and persuasive disinformation, yet they also hold promise for enhancing detection and mitigation strategies. This paper investigates the complex dynamics between LLMs and disinformation through a communication game that simulates online forums, inspired by the game Werewolf, with 25 participants. We analyse how Disinformers, Moderators, and Users leverage LLMs to advance thei"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.07211","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.07211/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gbinvpLlT//IjOnX1q1Qef7iCsrZvKGANqfp+b2OILqyKGtEViPPkGvhqAAj59GJIodBUfVs6/qb8c22N3IYCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T21:47:30.428590Z"},"content_sha256":"35b06837f98a0561ac336be761d66d7586ac29950fb24a15919e3c7743e9f2c3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:35b06837f98a0561ac336be761d66d7586ac29950fb24a15919e3c7743e9f2c3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T21:47:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU6ZREVDMRJU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8496e6ed98be4de7a0a4838741792987953786e66443c6cd464423c5c62ae7","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T16:24:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"87b977216557856f0818ef90c47eb095822e580360b9c4ecad06894a2e374fd7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.07211","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.07211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.07211v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.07211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZFX7LU4NY4VI","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZFX7LU4NY4VI7YXU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZFX7LU4N","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:35b06837f98a0561ac336be761d66d7586ac29950fb24a15919e3c7743e9f2c3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.07211/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a dual challenge in the fight against disinformation. These powerful tools, capable of generating human-like text at scale, can be weaponised to produce sophisticated and persuasive disinformation, yet they also hold promise for enhancing detection and mitigation strategies. This paper investigates the complex dynamics between LLMs and disinformation through a communication game that simulates online forums, inspired by the game Werewolf, with 25 participants. We analyse how Disinformers, Moderators, and Users leverage LLMs to advance thei","authors_text":"Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan, Gionnieve Lim, Kellie Yu Hui Sim, Kenny Tsu Wei Choo, Ming Hui Chew, Ming Shan Hee, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Simon T. Perrault, Weiyan Shi","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T16:24:11Z","title":"Sword and Shield: Uses and Strategies of LLMs in Navigating Disinformation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.07211","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bbffc19b5a602f573be5e8bb1c1b4d5b31779f49002894d9a4d7c7a3f2fbea51","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8496e6ed98be4de7a0a4838741792987953786e66443c6cd464423c5c62ae7","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T16:24:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"87b977216557856f0818ef90c47eb095822e580360b9c4ecad06894a2e374fd7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.07211","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c96ff5d38dc72a8fe2f4f6624a8d914d01fdc3b7ac30f4e067b7657f8fd62e65","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c96ff5d38dc72a8fe2f4f6624a8d914d01fdc3b7ac30f4e067b7657f8fd62e65","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03.577795Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03.577795Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rCZyfLOqqAQCByiPu2jFWVI+1ymH5LX7rBtBWHTCLH+TJ1tu4yFjoGhHDNZzoKZPHfKCfe1PqWNTWLsSfqQVCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:18:03.578258Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.07211","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bbffc19b5a602f573be5e8bb1c1b4d5b31779f49002894d9a4d7c7a3f2fbea51","sha256:35b06837f98a0561ac336be761d66d7586ac29950fb24a15919e3c7743e9f2c3"],"state_sha256":"d0f18acabfb6f1e1844af715437414a0f50374c06572971928a4782a4608c74f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RyHuTxBDnZumbetOY4D2dfuMGooV23VY0ZXaxJOmJMCrOdKCstqc8wFXDfEDTWaOZMRfpW79jzxdIR+CKsL9Dw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T21:47:30.433416Z","bundle_sha256":"2001ae3851ac2adf29f28c4e9944a802ecb8a0bce30ff8781b6803fb9ae2db67"}}