{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4","short_pith_number":"pith:ZH44Y5II","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1201.4298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2012-01-20T14:05:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8ae0805bda032405131d78d32b562b5e4a7063e5d37bff7447bad306af5d038c","abstract_canon_sha256":"cadd014d8fb2ff9615e4576d7d0dc9361ba017a7b94561b21b8ec3d745645ead"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c9f9cc750861c59812f7d71530a2bfb7217f31eccec319a2304cc612541ae89a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1201.4298","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4298","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4298v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4298","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZH44Y5IIMHCZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZH44Y5II","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1201.4298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2012-01-20T14:05:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8ae0805bda032405131d78d32b562b5e4a7063e5d37bff7447bad306af5d038c","abstract_canon_sha256":"cadd014d8fb2ff9615e4576d7d0dc9361ba017a7b94561b21b8ec3d745645ead"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c9f9cc750861c59812f7d71530a2bfb7217f31eccec319a2304cc612541ae89a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07.473567Z","signature_b64":"IUghc1tVlMJjBH+B9mwtTBUoer7xNO7T/SX0xBanV5ONsQSf/GlNd1l0HpmgC0ebRGMrssiNbLbQHD/DOmeVAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c9f9cc750861c59812f7d71530a2bfb7217f31eccec319a2304cc612541ae89a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07.472983Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07.472983Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1201.4298","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vk9X0RYbYO9P7RVv/bZzaLvnUEH5P6nR5ZLp1SVktD0gz77MDnzbvHLFmhPKTeQ3fhYFiryD9NY9X5O8y7jSCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:03:58.582975Z"},"content_sha256":"fd882cb7047d4ebf9dcf42f4f8cea1214e0b79a6aed700d75a3af5f5df0d481a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fd882cb7047d4ebf9dcf42f4f8cea1214e0b79a6aed700d75a3af5f5df0d481a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Raman Spectroscopy of Lithographically Patterned Graphene Nanoribbons","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Janina Maultzsch, Louis E. Brus, Melinda Y. Han, Philip Kim, Sunmin Ryu","submitted_at":"2012-01-20T14:05:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Nanometer-scale graphene objects are attracting much research interest because of newly emerging properties originating from quantum confinement effects. We present Raman spectroscopy studies of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) which are known to have nonzero electronic bandgap. GNRs of width ranging from 15 nm to 100 nm have been prepared by e-beam lithographic patterning of mechanically exfoliated graphene followed by oxygen plasma etching. Raman spectra of narrow GNRs can be characterized by upshifted G band and prominent disorder-related D band originating from scattering at ribbon edges. The D"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FSEsOppDNdjmR2rwLucmFxwZCcSxLxgf6UNoVAJ0+cprtz6k2qbfQWB773O50yy2/VuTmbesFVm4Odlh/p9jBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:03:58.583691Z"},"content_sha256":"9f9c6b287d94adced5388f0002695b4e79e49210081e71a2a69fcbc64b1e2cae","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9f9c6b287d94adced5388f0002695b4e79e49210081e71a2a69fcbc64b1e2cae"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T03:03:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX24KTBIV7W4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cadd014d8fb2ff9615e4576d7d0dc9361ba017a7b94561b21b8ec3d745645ead","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2012-01-20T14:05:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ae0805bda032405131d78d32b562b5e4a7063e5d37bff7447bad306af5d038c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4298","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4298","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4298v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4298","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZH44Y5IIMHCZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZH44Y5IIMHCZQEXX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZH44Y5II","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9f9c6b287d94adced5388f0002695b4e79e49210081e71a2a69fcbc64b1e2cae","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Nanometer-scale graphene objects are attracting much research interest because of newly emerging properties originating from quantum confinement effects. We present Raman spectroscopy studies of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) which are known to have nonzero electronic bandgap. GNRs of width ranging from 15 nm to 100 nm have been prepared by e-beam lithographic patterning of mechanically exfoliated graphene followed by oxygen plasma etching. Raman spectra of narrow GNRs can be characterized by upshifted G band and prominent disorder-related D band originating from scattering at ribbon edges. The D","authors_text":"Janina Maultzsch, Louis E. Brus, Melinda Y. Han, Philip Kim, Sunmin Ryu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2012-01-20T14:05:00Z","title":"Raman Spectroscopy of Lithographically Patterned Graphene Nanoribbons"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fd882cb7047d4ebf9dcf42f4f8cea1214e0b79a6aed700d75a3af5f5df0d481a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cadd014d8fb2ff9615e4576d7d0dc9361ba017a7b94561b21b8ec3d745645ead","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2012-01-20T14:05:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ae0805bda032405131d78d32b562b5e4a7063e5d37bff7447bad306af5d038c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4298","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c9f9cc750861c59812f7d71530a2bfb7217f31eccec319a2304cc612541ae89a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c9f9cc750861c59812f7d71530a2bfb7217f31eccec319a2304cc612541ae89a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07.472983Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07.472983Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IUghc1tVlMJjBH+B9mwtTBUoer7xNO7T/SX0xBanV5ONsQSf/GlNd1l0HpmgC0ebRGMrssiNbLbQHD/DOmeVAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:07.473567Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1201.4298","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fd882cb7047d4ebf9dcf42f4f8cea1214e0b79a6aed700d75a3af5f5df0d481a","sha256:9f9c6b287d94adced5388f0002695b4e79e49210081e71a2a69fcbc64b1e2cae"],"state_sha256":"434fa1d73c976fad678063a2d239ba31d15d1d7b9221c313e295fad73b84b0be"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DYv7Li6ChD7Hxn/yQILbgdUKEvQt/KyhQ6Sb05X1yvV53s6xC7MFb8xiM1Lc3Wk7B5CeCWLN7qp5epnZdsHLCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:03:58.586770Z","bundle_sha256":"41bbe6f5d21caabff18535e67ff17bc8714172b28b978dca49b498d0675db59b"}}