{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF","short_pith_number":"pith:ZK5LBWFB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1210.6349","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-10-23T20:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"1421cab60af5382bb0656a4112046cabac988b6ee5eaaf1a205435273cce0871","abstract_canon_sha256":"8ab8c0a6ecfd45f38b79ba05993e9b6018529aa04d4bc5223dc54397fa30be88"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cabab0d8a11cfe275a5d6afd4907b34140e83bf93d9ca1fb2d09d379d2d26533","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1210.6349","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1210.6349","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1210.6349v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1210.6349","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZK5LBWFBDT7C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZK5LBWFB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1210.6349","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-10-23T20:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"1421cab60af5382bb0656a4112046cabac988b6ee5eaaf1a205435273cce0871","abstract_canon_sha256":"8ab8c0a6ecfd45f38b79ba05993e9b6018529aa04d4bc5223dc54397fa30be88"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cabab0d8a11cfe275a5d6afd4907b34140e83bf93d9ca1fb2d09d379d2d26533","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44.108423Z","signature_b64":"jOA3JM889h5z/F47Ako8gw3K64EuUmREO3LZhn1SX9xkJmwz1tvs14Kxa0BZoJkOqN8b2/6ELyrOfcllckC4Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cabab0d8a11cfe275a5d6afd4907b34140e83bf93d9ca1fb2d09d379d2d26533","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44.107749Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44.107749Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1210.6349","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"U/qJvqja+htM7BnEFfSj/rsJJYvLDq8F0Q1Jcg1ZdfcXd1NQmse7s6yAEWbnc4QZBmSExXiuvOz2A1NghFK/CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T22:33:18.829102Z"},"content_sha256":"d4a6b860ab76a64c4b7864075b33d60506ba7c2f8ad090ba0b5d5483737920e3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d4a6b860ab76a64c4b7864075b33d60506ba7c2f8ad090ba0b5d5483737920e3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Physical Conditions in Molecular Clouds in the Arm and Interarm Regions of M51","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"(2) Caltech, (3) NAOJ-Chile, (4) UMASS, (5) JAXA, (6) Cambridge, (7) Nobeyama, (8) U. Tokyo, (9) Hokkaido U.), D. Calzetti (4), F. Egusa (5), J. Donovan Meyer (1), J. Koda (1), K. Sorai, M. Louie (1), M. Umei (9) ((1) Stony Brook U., N. Kuno (7), N. Scoville (2), R. Kennicutt (6), R. Momose (8), T. Hasegawa (3), T. Sawada (3)","submitted_at":"2012-10-23T20:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report systematic variations in the CO(2-1)/CO(1-0) line ratio (R) in M51. The ratio shows clear evidence for the evolution of molecular gas from the upstream interarm regions, passage into the spiral arms and back into the downstream interarm regions. In the interarm regions, R is typically low <0.7 (and often 0.4-0.6); this is similar to the ratios observed in Galactic giant molecular clouds (GMCs) with low far-IR luminosities. However, the ratio rises to >0.7 (often 0.8-1.0) in the spiral arms, particularly at their leading (downstream) edge. R is also high, 0.8-1.0, in the central regio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1210.6349","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hX+9Topf4BooISzm4EFi3hZuYixxxPpTGpA+n572G3Yz3lANf/12PN7EDCY8FCgbsUMPkCvBvnvO9/r+x8SyDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T22:33:18.829695Z"},"content_sha256":"1b689922e4e9df76148d2654374ea527ce2c02597185878f085923a1c759370b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1b689922e4e9df76148d2654374ea527ce2c02597185878f085923a1c759370b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T22:33:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5NL6USB5TIF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8ab8c0a6ecfd45f38b79ba05993e9b6018529aa04d4bc5223dc54397fa30be88","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-10-23T20:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"1421cab60af5382bb0656a4112046cabac988b6ee5eaaf1a205435273cce0871"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1210.6349","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1210.6349","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1210.6349v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1210.6349","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZK5LBWFBDT7C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZK5LBWFBDT7COWS5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZK5LBWFB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1b689922e4e9df76148d2654374ea527ce2c02597185878f085923a1c759370b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We report systematic variations in the CO(2-1)/CO(1-0) line ratio (R) in M51. The ratio shows clear evidence for the evolution of molecular gas from the upstream interarm regions, passage into the spiral arms and back into the downstream interarm regions. In the interarm regions, R is typically low <0.7 (and often 0.4-0.6); this is similar to the ratios observed in Galactic giant molecular clouds (GMCs) with low far-IR luminosities. However, the ratio rises to >0.7 (often 0.8-1.0) in the spiral arms, particularly at their leading (downstream) edge. R is also high, 0.8-1.0, in the central regio","authors_text":"(2) Caltech, (3) NAOJ-Chile, (4) UMASS, (5) JAXA, (6) Cambridge, (7) Nobeyama, (8) U. Tokyo, (9) Hokkaido U.), D. Calzetti (4), F. Egusa (5), J. Donovan Meyer (1), J. Koda (1), K. Sorai, M. Louie (1), M. Umei (9) ((1) Stony Brook U., N. Kuno (7), N. Scoville (2), R. Kennicutt (6), R. Momose (8), T. Hasegawa (3), T. Sawada (3)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-10-23T20:00:00Z","title":"Physical Conditions in Molecular Clouds in the Arm and Interarm Regions of M51"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1210.6349","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d4a6b860ab76a64c4b7864075b33d60506ba7c2f8ad090ba0b5d5483737920e3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8ab8c0a6ecfd45f38b79ba05993e9b6018529aa04d4bc5223dc54397fa30be88","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-10-23T20:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"1421cab60af5382bb0656a4112046cabac988b6ee5eaaf1a205435273cce0871"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1210.6349","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"cabab0d8a11cfe275a5d6afd4907b34140e83bf93d9ca1fb2d09d379d2d26533","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cabab0d8a11cfe275a5d6afd4907b34140e83bf93d9ca1fb2d09d379d2d26533","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44.107749Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44.107749Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jOA3JM889h5z/F47Ako8gw3K64EuUmREO3LZhn1SX9xkJmwz1tvs14Kxa0BZoJkOqN8b2/6ELyrOfcllckC4Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:53:44.108423Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1210.6349","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d4a6b860ab76a64c4b7864075b33d60506ba7c2f8ad090ba0b5d5483737920e3","sha256:1b689922e4e9df76148d2654374ea527ce2c02597185878f085923a1c759370b"],"state_sha256":"533c532f4e18fb3312b4edd10a02ee6c4dc594ce985e234e5f0f854ccd851ba9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3/tc1t7abEAGniU8641BD2o6v6ARCcPwkTr39k20YfXpi2mXv6B2lpYb2Bi4csJxUuwu2QegcmDMcov37G84Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T22:33:18.832494Z","bundle_sha256":"0ad6633818e58022e908b4239bc4a342bd0fb49b5a961239f504f27ce8d0aa34"}}