{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2020:ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE","short_pith_number":"pith:ZK7LJP2J","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"cabeb4bf49f1ad22cbfb434a350d375935070200f5d31d6890d9b48cf8bc4ff0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2010.06602","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Observations of Hawking radiation: the Page curve and baby universes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Donald Marolf, Henry Maxfield","submitted_at":"2020-10-13T18:00:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"We reformulate recent insights into black hole information in a manner emphasizing operationally-defined notions of entropy, Lorentz-signature descriptions, and asymptotically flat spacetimes. With the help of replica wormholes, we find that experiments of asymptotic observers are consistent with black holes as unitary quantum systems, with density of states given by the Bekenstein-Hawking formula. However, this comes at the cost of superselection sectors associated with the state of baby universes. Spacetimes studied by Polchinski and Strominger in 1994 provide a simple illustration of the as"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2010.06602","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2020-10-13T18:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"d2fbac46ff215356324289d7d5c5776c7391b000166edd4488df8e6bb78ad411","abstract_canon_sha256":"a137c39029c3b2f67c325fd893bb379d57b814a38d90632e0c7e26afd000f306"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436884Z","signature_b64":"p/rXrISepc5/NlLdDtyaDAp66Fxg3ho30GtBVYH1yU9zuZKDMqm2zD6WUhwB3rn9kSxHOkYmdhfl8ZafBMdNAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cabeb4bf49f1ad22cbfb434a350d375935070200f5d31d6890d9b48cf8bc4ff0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436338Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436338Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Observations of Hawking radiation: the Page curve and baby universes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Donald Marolf, Henry Maxfield","submitted_at":"2020-10-13T18:00:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"We reformulate recent insights into black hole information in a manner emphasizing operationally-defined notions of entropy, Lorentz-signature descriptions, and asymptotically flat spacetimes. With the help of replica wormholes, we find that experiments of asymptotic observers are consistent with black holes as unitary quantum systems, with density of states given by the Bekenstein-Hawking formula. However, this comes at the cost of superselection sectors associated with the state of baby universes. Spacetimes studied by Polchinski and Strominger in 1994 provide a simple illustration of the as"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2010.06602","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2010.06602/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2010.06602","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2010.06602v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2010.06602","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZK7LJP2J6GWS","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZK7LJP2J","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.09346","citing_title":"Asymptotic Algebras and Holography of Information in CGHS Model","ref_index":75,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2602.15120","citing_title":"How to have your wormholes and factorize, too","ref_index":51,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.24681","citing_title":"How to tame your (black hole) saddles: Lessons from the Lorentzian Gravitational Path Integral","ref_index":21,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE","json":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/ZK7LJP2J"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/ZK7LJP2J","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2010.06602&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/ZK7LJP2J6GWSFS73INFDKDJXLE/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T02:41:05.436399+00:00"}