{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3","short_pith_number":"pith:ZOJLSHZK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1310.4347","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2013-10-16T12:28:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"c11527a26e1cdcd0f60db497a90479eb5e9fccc49fb4d5e43cde111ba8070bf1","abstract_canon_sha256":"7691562a58e0aa9812b373ca98d432ccd0a5c08976ba592de9c1e41bbe616295"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cb92b91f2a87828761cc80455e406a16dbc98ab2fb073a2abddbd31e8db31ce6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1310.4347","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1310.4347","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1310.4347v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1310.4347","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZOJLSHZKQ6BI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZOJLSHZK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1310.4347","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2013-10-16T12:28:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"c11527a26e1cdcd0f60db497a90479eb5e9fccc49fb4d5e43cde111ba8070bf1","abstract_canon_sha256":"7691562a58e0aa9812b373ca98d432ccd0a5c08976ba592de9c1e41bbe616295"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cb92b91f2a87828761cc80455e406a16dbc98ab2fb073a2abddbd31e8db31ce6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23.094805Z","signature_b64":"A/izUyoQWyR6PQDOGRphPGLMM2h4BMXyjTzXjYJ+57Phj5f2B7HdaJ6w7WijTUcBpjJrxiKF85G7G6Yt5oXEAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cb92b91f2a87828761cc80455e406a16dbc98ab2fb073a2abddbd31e8db31ce6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23.094013Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23.094013Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1310.4347","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3ONQnCKO14cvSbYkI2tyBgXPGJF03YW7EWkjwAM7OmtRJvIr6YfDyV/ZVltamIeyiXYJxSDIABWiV2ZlRYbSBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T00:33:28.443424Z"},"content_sha256":"eef5ff62a95d4e4d7e910c502d4b3fba095166d05d6ff4ca89c8ff8e2eb7945d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eef5ff62a95d4e4d7e910c502d4b3fba095166d05d6ff4ca89c8ff8e2eb7945d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"M-ary Detection and q-ary Decoding in Large-Scale MIMO: A Non-Binary Belief Propagation Approach","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"A. Chockalingam, T. Lakshmi Narasimhan","submitted_at":"2013-10-16T12:28:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a non-binary belief propagation approach (NB-BP) for detection of $M$-ary modulation symbols and decoding of $q$-ary LDPC codes in large-scale multiuser MIMO systems. We first propose a message passing based symbol detection algorithm which computes vector messages using a scalar Gaussian approximation of interference, which results in a total complexity of just $O(KN\\sqrt{M})$, where $K$ is the number of uplink users and $N$ is the number of base station (BS) antennas. The proposed NB-BP detector does not need to do a matrix inversion, which gives a complexity advant"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1310.4347","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LqjZJbEIEpx7BHpX9PywA9jARPvXWiFENNNtNOueohwltDG+ZFbgVAEdznLhLEM8rPrAJvx6GS+tZkHfxEkkDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T00:33:28.443797Z"},"content_sha256":"7c832cdfe7998d3dc1e65fbe5d23e90e083d92ebf099e0dc3491685ff5d53c40","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7c832cdfe7998d3dc1e65fbe5d23e90e083d92ebf099e0dc3491685ff5d53c40"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T00:33:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOMQBCV4QDKC3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7691562a58e0aa9812b373ca98d432ccd0a5c08976ba592de9c1e41bbe616295","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2013-10-16T12:28:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"c11527a26e1cdcd0f60db497a90479eb5e9fccc49fb4d5e43cde111ba8070bf1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1310.4347","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1310.4347","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1310.4347v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1310.4347","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZOJLSHZKQ6BI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZOJLSHZKQ6BIOYOM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZOJLSHZK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7c832cdfe7998d3dc1e65fbe5d23e90e083d92ebf099e0dc3491685ff5d53c40","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a non-binary belief propagation approach (NB-BP) for detection of $M$-ary modulation symbols and decoding of $q$-ary LDPC codes in large-scale multiuser MIMO systems. We first propose a message passing based symbol detection algorithm which computes vector messages using a scalar Gaussian approximation of interference, which results in a total complexity of just $O(KN\\sqrt{M})$, where $K$ is the number of uplink users and $N$ is the number of base station (BS) antennas. The proposed NB-BP detector does not need to do a matrix inversion, which gives a complexity advant","authors_text":"A. Chockalingam, T. Lakshmi Narasimhan","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2013-10-16T12:28:00Z","title":"M-ary Detection and q-ary Decoding in Large-Scale MIMO: A Non-Binary Belief Propagation Approach"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1310.4347","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:eef5ff62a95d4e4d7e910c502d4b3fba095166d05d6ff4ca89c8ff8e2eb7945d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7691562a58e0aa9812b373ca98d432ccd0a5c08976ba592de9c1e41bbe616295","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2013-10-16T12:28:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"c11527a26e1cdcd0f60db497a90479eb5e9fccc49fb4d5e43cde111ba8070bf1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1310.4347","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"cb92b91f2a87828761cc80455e406a16dbc98ab2fb073a2abddbd31e8db31ce6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cb92b91f2a87828761cc80455e406a16dbc98ab2fb073a2abddbd31e8db31ce6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23.094013Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23.094013Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"A/izUyoQWyR6PQDOGRphPGLMM2h4BMXyjTzXjYJ+57Phj5f2B7HdaJ6w7WijTUcBpjJrxiKF85G7G6Yt5oXEAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:10:23.094805Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1310.4347","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:eef5ff62a95d4e4d7e910c502d4b3fba095166d05d6ff4ca89c8ff8e2eb7945d","sha256:7c832cdfe7998d3dc1e65fbe5d23e90e083d92ebf099e0dc3491685ff5d53c40"],"state_sha256":"5c163c547eabc2c92fdf0e0ccf9201261a3253e062f3dec992c0450b5fabe8db"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CBn3uX44tdi63aEliMeCqAmFdevqKthTpmhodBvh3E/kv3PSfIj0WX+4rSWQQwcs8CwY1mdwbKXbYTTNH3cGCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T00:33:28.446035Z","bundle_sha256":"7fccbe333b7c64b48817f207a8552011f56d948c8432b730b0a00055bf24cc00"}}