{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7","short_pith_number":"pith:ZP2AFLSP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.22071","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-10-29T14:31:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"53c65dffa3af5188f60d3b6a1cfdca338bbd4775ab5eddc41da97a5356c33b62","abstract_canon_sha256":"f8df157fbd31fd9844dd83448f2e9fbf1fd9c93d0edb210763fc34902e0c1967"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cbf402ae4fdf9122b6106723e908fcafc73ead8d4779cb9230c904ba6df09cfe","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2410.22071","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.22071","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.22071v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.22071","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZP2AFLSP36IS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZP2AFLSP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.22071","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-10-29T14:31:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"53c65dffa3af5188f60d3b6a1cfdca338bbd4775ab5eddc41da97a5356c33b62","abstract_canon_sha256":"f8df157fbd31fd9844dd83448f2e9fbf1fd9c93d0edb210763fc34902e0c1967"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cbf402ae4fdf9122b6106723e908fcafc73ead8d4779cb9230c904ba6df09cfe","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14.414447Z","signature_b64":"cfGNFOtCc/oiguXiqSTZwpxQHHp3HN8W+eN9weyXMNZzjmI9azDWnvs8/JuizDr+BK1P2G1KJU4Jyv+HfgjBAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cbf402ae4fdf9122b6106723e908fcafc73ead8d4779cb9230c904ba6df09cfe","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14.413906Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14.413906Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2410.22071","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sDavL5mZ77xQEZvyr7IZyjgTyuhW+dXUDPOkAXkWgpBWizXno4fa318rnOBjd9HlcqyBUNRqorNq4RjSeNQNCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T13:13:07.833271Z"},"content_sha256":"33aa82d10e57b87e3afe71eabe20dd320a96b3b4492459d4c24be6d98c0ceed4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:33aa82d10e57b87e3afe71eabe20dd320a96b3b4492459d4c24be6d98c0ceed4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Distinguishing Ignorance from Error in LLM Hallucinations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Adi Simhi, Idan Szpektor, Jonathan Herzig, Yonatan Belinkov","submitted_at":"2024-10-29T14:31:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to hallucinations -- factually incorrect outputs -- leading to a large body of work on detecting and mitigating such cases. We argue that it is important to distinguish between two types of hallucinations: ones where the model does not hold the correct answer in its parameters, which we term HK-, and ones where the model answers incorrectly despite having the required knowledge, termed HK+. We first find that HK+ hallucinations are prevalent and occur across models and datasets. Then, we demonstrate that distinguishing between these two cases is ben"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.22071","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2410.22071/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vz2paaYMDyi/TvO//ejpc7fXXz9PbUnm6d3tvTDA3NVfjU1/H90YVcYfJaiPdjuZ/6vWoDjX0qEXhjWKAFsQBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T13:13:07.838769Z"},"content_sha256":"402ee07bdc1f3fe6fee3399e24a70d27f96ba9052c7e1aff04957e22add4c0a2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:402ee07bdc1f3fe6fee3399e24a70d27f96ba9052c7e1aff04957e22add4c0a2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T13:13:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQM4R6SCH4V7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f8df157fbd31fd9844dd83448f2e9fbf1fd9c93d0edb210763fc34902e0c1967","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-10-29T14:31:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"53c65dffa3af5188f60d3b6a1cfdca338bbd4775ab5eddc41da97a5356c33b62"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.22071","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.22071","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.22071v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.22071","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZP2AFLSP36IS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZP2AFLSP36ISFNQQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZP2AFLSP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:402ee07bdc1f3fe6fee3399e24a70d27f96ba9052c7e1aff04957e22add4c0a2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2410.22071/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to hallucinations -- factually incorrect outputs -- leading to a large body of work on detecting and mitigating such cases. We argue that it is important to distinguish between two types of hallucinations: ones where the model does not hold the correct answer in its parameters, which we term HK-, and ones where the model answers incorrectly despite having the required knowledge, termed HK+. We first find that HK+ hallucinations are prevalent and occur across models and datasets. Then, we demonstrate that distinguishing between these two cases is ben","authors_text":"Adi Simhi, Idan Szpektor, Jonathan Herzig, Yonatan Belinkov","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-10-29T14:31:33Z","title":"Distinguishing Ignorance from Error in LLM Hallucinations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.22071","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:33aa82d10e57b87e3afe71eabe20dd320a96b3b4492459d4c24be6d98c0ceed4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f8df157fbd31fd9844dd83448f2e9fbf1fd9c93d0edb210763fc34902e0c1967","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-10-29T14:31:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"53c65dffa3af5188f60d3b6a1cfdca338bbd4775ab5eddc41da97a5356c33b62"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.22071","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"cbf402ae4fdf9122b6106723e908fcafc73ead8d4779cb9230c904ba6df09cfe","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cbf402ae4fdf9122b6106723e908fcafc73ead8d4779cb9230c904ba6df09cfe","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14.413906Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14.413906Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cfGNFOtCc/oiguXiqSTZwpxQHHp3HN8W+eN9weyXMNZzjmI9azDWnvs8/JuizDr+BK1P2G1KJU4Jyv+HfgjBAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:16:14.414447Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2410.22071","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:33aa82d10e57b87e3afe71eabe20dd320a96b3b4492459d4c24be6d98c0ceed4","sha256:402ee07bdc1f3fe6fee3399e24a70d27f96ba9052c7e1aff04957e22add4c0a2"],"state_sha256":"ee5e629967da11bdd84db79152ca61d01657546fbb4b6de8229396dc62b33432"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QBDHopa+0Vaw1TbttrCTqh6ssghtVcmb+J8MSwuWkU9MD3wY+YLBzt0Qud5mam2/Nn8eWusMFZY0fb5z+MmyDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T13:13:07.857517Z","bundle_sha256":"8f2821408c8d6652baec0fe4330e0511d4889163cf09800fc718c05f32776f1f"}}