{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA","short_pith_number":"pith:ZPYGOI4Q","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.1794","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-04-07T14:14:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d52d0a7b561b8618b43d14875d003804855effd776ae5691576a41daa1caedee","abstract_canon_sha256":"2ebe981f18c7ba0dd9a68e11d110ab5290d3b72d5da2e8616bf683b215129835"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cbf0672390c18f64a733f5dc3b59772021de92d9c77db4f6e3c15a12907eebe1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.1794","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.1794","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.1794v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.1794","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZPYGOI4QYGHW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZPYGOI4Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.1794","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-04-07T14:14:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d52d0a7b561b8618b43d14875d003804855effd776ae5691576a41daa1caedee","abstract_canon_sha256":"2ebe981f18c7ba0dd9a68e11d110ab5290d3b72d5da2e8616bf683b215129835"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cbf0672390c18f64a733f5dc3b59772021de92d9c77db4f6e3c15a12907eebe1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45.516986Z","signature_b64":"mGvnxby6/hYmvUYbLoOoIcbaYnNhy8IEkqpoL1uDOQeGT/awBrOxefuJ4YFjyFd4IczWe2gAnA1pCyZUXrUoDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cbf0672390c18f64a733f5dc3b59772021de92d9c77db4f6e3c15a12907eebe1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45.516647Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45.516647Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1404.1794","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"V0KRv9gPr+7xCsav3ETjshlR8xAo8oHvsJ7kKKsjZcLG0ExrcsUR6HUTYEIUuCda9rN1/L5n17Y4bpxl2YlkCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T03:09:41.921512Z"},"content_sha256":"a9a2481d23db6919d89793e0b39985dd9638545dbef5cacfcbfdf3e38182e5d3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a9a2481d23db6919d89793e0b39985dd9638545dbef5cacfcbfdf3e38182e5d3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Light sterile neutrinos after BICEP-2","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Carlo Giunti, Marco Laveder, Maria Archidiacono, Nicolao Fornengo, Steen Hannestad, Stefano Gariazzo","submitted_at":"2014-04-07T14:14:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"The recent discovery of B-modes in the polarization pattern of the Cosmic Microwave Background by the BICEP2 experiment has important implications for neutrino physics. We revisit cosmological bounds on light sterile neutrinos and show that they are compatible with all current cosmological data provided that the mass is relatively low. Using CMB data, including BICEP-2, we find an upper bound of $m_s < 0.85$ eV ($2\\sigma$ Confidence Level). This bound is strengthened to 0.48 eV when HST measurements of $H_0$ are included. However, the inclusion of SZ cluster data from the Planck mission and we"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.1794","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8XZy7HDIDWlgVXFY79n9EgKNpk27SV6RxDVvWMHb4fgb5eNwx0hGCG378aXbkP2hzyyrt+YVSQlojQO/j10yAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T03:09:41.922109Z"},"content_sha256":"d27198b71021d7174ee9c76feb485a9590d2fb88c530d2a944656695c1210b90","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d27198b71021d7174ee9c76feb485a9590d2fb88c530d2a944656695c1210b90"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T03:09:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT6XODWWLXEA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2ebe981f18c7ba0dd9a68e11d110ab5290d3b72d5da2e8616bf683b215129835","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-04-07T14:14:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"d52d0a7b561b8618b43d14875d003804855effd776ae5691576a41daa1caedee"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.1794","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.1794","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.1794v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.1794","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZPYGOI4QYGHW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZPYGOI4QYGHWJJZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZPYGOI4Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d27198b71021d7174ee9c76feb485a9590d2fb88c530d2a944656695c1210b90","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The recent discovery of B-modes in the polarization pattern of the Cosmic Microwave Background by the BICEP2 experiment has important implications for neutrino physics. We revisit cosmological bounds on light sterile neutrinos and show that they are compatible with all current cosmological data provided that the mass is relatively low. Using CMB data, including BICEP-2, we find an upper bound of $m_s < 0.85$ eV ($2\\sigma$ Confidence Level). This bound is strengthened to 0.48 eV when HST measurements of $H_0$ are included. However, the inclusion of SZ cluster data from the Planck mission and we","authors_text":"Carlo Giunti, Marco Laveder, Maria Archidiacono, Nicolao Fornengo, Steen Hannestad, Stefano Gariazzo","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-04-07T14:14:38Z","title":"Light sterile neutrinos after BICEP-2"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.1794","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a9a2481d23db6919d89793e0b39985dd9638545dbef5cacfcbfdf3e38182e5d3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2ebe981f18c7ba0dd9a68e11d110ab5290d3b72d5da2e8616bf683b215129835","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-04-07T14:14:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"d52d0a7b561b8618b43d14875d003804855effd776ae5691576a41daa1caedee"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.1794","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"cbf0672390c18f64a733f5dc3b59772021de92d9c77db4f6e3c15a12907eebe1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cbf0672390c18f64a733f5dc3b59772021de92d9c77db4f6e3c15a12907eebe1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45.516647Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45.516647Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"mGvnxby6/hYmvUYbLoOoIcbaYnNhy8IEkqpoL1uDOQeGT/awBrOxefuJ4YFjyFd4IczWe2gAnA1pCyZUXrUoDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:45.516986Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1404.1794","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a9a2481d23db6919d89793e0b39985dd9638545dbef5cacfcbfdf3e38182e5d3","sha256:d27198b71021d7174ee9c76feb485a9590d2fb88c530d2a944656695c1210b90"],"state_sha256":"854424b1a5da6d008b5c95121278a7c39d63d4fd8cdc1cd6106ffe879266d59a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XLyyERUwsuImDw2h8lS6DgJQtcpmlRjRqsZZRi3OXv9bd+7APaLIBcMRRg0LKhwyq6Av3MdU51/ox31DUtbVDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T03:09:41.924685Z","bundle_sha256":"5025747a68d8d8f3eb05af03b747182e3b40d2809beb1c562c892b63b7dc01ce"}}