{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW","short_pith_number":"pith:ZQQ4LCJ2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.01045","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-01-02T04:10:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"3a39a5dd01cdcbd8743fd98f2fa8fbbb618c5e86e7dbe6a3d54079a51f629e6e","abstract_canon_sha256":"3e1a4c054d07990078d142557d5f719d14013cf93fe51a1d360a5362ff9b695c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cc21c5893a8fbe2b8ff47baad6b7b605a41b0b7e1dad24cff6506bff5ed8eaa2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2501.01045","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.01045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.01045v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.01045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZQQ4LCJ2R67C","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7U","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZQQ4LCJ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.01045","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-01-02T04:10:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"3a39a5dd01cdcbd8743fd98f2fa8fbbb618c5e86e7dbe6a3d54079a51f629e6e","abstract_canon_sha256":"3e1a4c054d07990078d142557d5f719d14013cf93fe51a1d360a5362ff9b695c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cc21c5893a8fbe2b8ff47baad6b7b605a41b0b7e1dad24cff6506bff5ed8eaa2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53.842085Z","signature_b64":"pqRQFcLWGdZpsr0a18CTdcn2jE+HJK8XZxxLILuSFIQOVFGjFA1AApva/6uWXlYpcZeQz93I2HMCQp23vp7vAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cc21c5893a8fbe2b8ff47baad6b7b605a41b0b7e1dad24cff6506bff5ed8eaa2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53.841575Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53.841575Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2501.01045","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zpeutJUj4sJ2fKXA5F7U0ScKbiR9PoEtHKeH016nN5bvMuvScjpWINPzsLXk6jUO5s3SlILxu2we//tzTxeuBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T12:15:49.574568Z"},"content_sha256":"08815d0ea3b1eba5fcb35d3a946a0c55ce500fb85206d8c1df10bbce1eb1dd50","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:08815d0ea3b1eba5fcb35d3a946a0c55ce500fb85206d8c1df10bbce1eb1dd50"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"ZeroFlow: Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting is Easier than You Think","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Dan Zhang, Didi Zhu, Hangjie Yuan, Jie Tang, Tao Feng, Wei Li, Wendi Zheng","submitted_at":"2025-01-02T04:10:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"Backpropagation provides a generalized configuration for overcoming catastrophic forgetting. Optimizers such as SGD and Adam are commonly used for weight updates in continual learning and continual pre-training. However, access to gradient information is not always feasible in practice due to black-box APIs, hardware constraints, or non-differentiable systems, a challenge we refer to as the gradient bans. To bridge this gap, we introduce ZeroFlow, the first benchmark designed to evaluate gradient-free optimization algorithms for overcoming forgetting. ZeroFlow examines a suite of forward pass-"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.01045","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2501.01045/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3+s/nXNoR1vfgsVgQ0Vwik+rujdJSNNh5ZhZ4PHK17gk/1XTTmOGtfLk9gn2qCZDE+87Z2JQb2trUWUrwdgDCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T12:15:49.575064Z"},"content_sha256":"a4c57bc6a237d2f8a58de3192a17c9fb44582a4719201e6e3cc5dcdec8f449fe","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a4c57bc6a237d2f8a58de3192a17c9fb44582a4719201e6e3cc5dcdec8f449fe"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T12:15:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7UPOVNNN5WAW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e1a4c054d07990078d142557d5f719d14013cf93fe51a1d360a5362ff9b695c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-01-02T04:10:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"3a39a5dd01cdcbd8743fd98f2fa8fbbb618c5e86e7dbe6a3d54079a51f629e6e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.01045","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.01045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.01045v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.01045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZQQ4LCJ2R67C","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZQQ4LCJ2R67CXD7U","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZQQ4LCJ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a4c57bc6a237d2f8a58de3192a17c9fb44582a4719201e6e3cc5dcdec8f449fe","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2501.01045/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Backpropagation provides a generalized configuration for overcoming catastrophic forgetting. Optimizers such as SGD and Adam are commonly used for weight updates in continual learning and continual pre-training. However, access to gradient information is not always feasible in practice due to black-box APIs, hardware constraints, or non-differentiable systems, a challenge we refer to as the gradient bans. To bridge this gap, we introduce ZeroFlow, the first benchmark designed to evaluate gradient-free optimization algorithms for overcoming forgetting. ZeroFlow examines a suite of forward pass-","authors_text":"Dan Zhang, Didi Zhu, Hangjie Yuan, Jie Tang, Tao Feng, Wei Li, Wendi Zheng","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-01-02T04:10:17Z","title":"ZeroFlow: Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting is Easier than You Think"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.01045","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:08815d0ea3b1eba5fcb35d3a946a0c55ce500fb85206d8c1df10bbce1eb1dd50","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e1a4c054d07990078d142557d5f719d14013cf93fe51a1d360a5362ff9b695c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-01-02T04:10:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"3a39a5dd01cdcbd8743fd98f2fa8fbbb618c5e86e7dbe6a3d54079a51f629e6e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.01045","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"cc21c5893a8fbe2b8ff47baad6b7b605a41b0b7e1dad24cff6506bff5ed8eaa2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cc21c5893a8fbe2b8ff47baad6b7b605a41b0b7e1dad24cff6506bff5ed8eaa2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53.841575Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53.841575Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pqRQFcLWGdZpsr0a18CTdcn2jE+HJK8XZxxLILuSFIQOVFGjFA1AApva/6uWXlYpcZeQz93I2HMCQp23vp7vAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:53.842085Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2501.01045","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:08815d0ea3b1eba5fcb35d3a946a0c55ce500fb85206d8c1df10bbce1eb1dd50","sha256:a4c57bc6a237d2f8a58de3192a17c9fb44582a4719201e6e3cc5dcdec8f449fe"],"state_sha256":"49543f5553de4aa2323434c2d4e23c2d46e34c682f05b9dfe734f92547afb0ff"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EJAOaDmD/KujksMFH2LEBKTE8d4eoW/U+CZfYk74PMqzt0joB1GIgCpPLRi4EXR4ZLEIu8BlXUVj2uvtcunUBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T12:15:49.579038Z","bundle_sha256":"a768e620959ef0b3b6d1968dcb0450d76cb70a3e211c94d15dd0c1d134e5da89"}}