{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O","short_pith_number":"pith:ZRQQSXHQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.06444","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T13:55:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"9894c07cd9469f38d92c810c7e516faebe40e0aea68beee64e73e64e32b7fcb2","abstract_canon_sha256":"28f2cb3abe1b89cdf3f7ed5d2239e78c811c01364165ec92fb88226fd781fa6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cc61095cf02fd6a6b2d435431a64dee3bbdea081285412a0fa1fa137b58acadb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.06444","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.06444","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.06444v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.06444","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZRQQSXHQF7LK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZRQQSXHQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.06444","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T13:55:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"9894c07cd9469f38d92c810c7e516faebe40e0aea68beee64e73e64e32b7fcb2","abstract_canon_sha256":"28f2cb3abe1b89cdf3f7ed5d2239e78c811c01364165ec92fb88226fd781fa6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cc61095cf02fd6a6b2d435431a64dee3bbdea081285412a0fa1fa137b58acadb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03.534684Z","signature_b64":"IGDLTo+se0bsXZ40Vp9yMdtw7QSWCh8IswKHweU63ySr7q9g26c4ZhCG0omFeC4ErYjhdiFxTKS2dJA0PgaeCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cc61095cf02fd6a6b2d435431a64dee3bbdea081285412a0fa1fa137b58acadb","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03.534247Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03.534247Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.06444","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qsSjBtUNqghyJ8AfgrQIIk4Q5YbfGqwQgceTghsJbxy6P05WG3/zwSPqQrwOflyemu1Nq8rg6gZk0tdwXOB9BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:33.908635Z"},"content_sha256":"0d44347733dd515a4b90af914f1941a1985fedea878d5da70279b76668d2213e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0d44347733dd515a4b90af914f1941a1985fedea878d5da70279b76668d2213e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Image Formation Model Guided Deep Image Super-Resolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"eess.IV","authors_text":"Deqing Sun, Jian Yang, Jimmy Ren, Jinhui Tang, Jinshan Pan, Ming-Ming Cheng, Yang Liu","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T13:55:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a simple and effective image super-resolution algorithm that imposes an image formation constraint on the deep neural networks via pixel substitution. The proposed algorithm first uses a deep neural network to estimate intermediate high-resolution images, blurs the intermediate images using known blur kernels, and then substitutes values of the pixels at the un-decimated positions with those of the corresponding pixels from the low-resolution images. The output of the pixel substitution process strictly satisfies the image formation model and is further refined by the same deep neur"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.06444","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.06444/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tIavvg6wUSfQgRJjqYlMBF3f7zkk4qd0WXclM3+W39WxlBzlYdlKkHkhQtzwX5Z2RqLQyiGwXFqtJSkVkoiUAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:33.909526Z"},"content_sha256":"cd6b1ae00a310c8de56b57b028a2ccf2ef97a68aa08ac4f95fcb26c9547bac72","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cd6b1ae00a310c8de56b57b028a2ccf2ef97a68aa08ac4f95fcb26c9547bac72"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWUGVBRUZG64O","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"28f2cb3abe1b89cdf3f7ed5d2239e78c811c01364165ec92fb88226fd781fa6e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T13:55:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"9894c07cd9469f38d92c810c7e516faebe40e0aea68beee64e73e64e32b7fcb2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.06444","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.06444","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.06444v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.06444","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZRQQSXHQF7LK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZRQQSXHQF7LKNMWU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZRQQSXHQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cd6b1ae00a310c8de56b57b028a2ccf2ef97a68aa08ac4f95fcb26c9547bac72","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.06444/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a simple and effective image super-resolution algorithm that imposes an image formation constraint on the deep neural networks via pixel substitution. The proposed algorithm first uses a deep neural network to estimate intermediate high-resolution images, blurs the intermediate images using known blur kernels, and then substitutes values of the pixels at the un-decimated positions with those of the corresponding pixels from the low-resolution images. The output of the pixel substitution process strictly satisfies the image formation model and is further refined by the same deep neur","authors_text":"Deqing Sun, Jian Yang, Jimmy Ren, Jinhui Tang, Jinshan Pan, Ming-Ming Cheng, Yang Liu","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T13:55:17Z","title":"Image Formation Model Guided Deep Image Super-Resolution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.06444","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0d44347733dd515a4b90af914f1941a1985fedea878d5da70279b76668d2213e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"28f2cb3abe1b89cdf3f7ed5d2239e78c811c01364165ec92fb88226fd781fa6e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T13:55:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"9894c07cd9469f38d92c810c7e516faebe40e0aea68beee64e73e64e32b7fcb2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.06444","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"cc61095cf02fd6a6b2d435431a64dee3bbdea081285412a0fa1fa137b58acadb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cc61095cf02fd6a6b2d435431a64dee3bbdea081285412a0fa1fa137b58acadb","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03.534247Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03.534247Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IGDLTo+se0bsXZ40Vp9yMdtw7QSWCh8IswKHweU63ySr7q9g26c4ZhCG0omFeC4ErYjhdiFxTKS2dJA0PgaeCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:51:03.534684Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.06444","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0d44347733dd515a4b90af914f1941a1985fedea878d5da70279b76668d2213e","sha256:cd6b1ae00a310c8de56b57b028a2ccf2ef97a68aa08ac4f95fcb26c9547bac72"],"state_sha256":"4d94c8f0005d454aadb2e51ab711c23969b3e3332a27a71da0132fa83537ec13"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3/OweYn/Cj/3Y8DEobr00YwvHrX2B2GhpzDUjlnEPQ/gYXkqnPxcy447fIm6ojAQM4LVarpl7/Y/EEKVZH6hDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:33.925421Z","bundle_sha256":"45be7ae0297bdb07c8ae216b13d12dfdaad36d087c347a066bf78fca8d553925"}}