{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1997:ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP","short_pith_number":"pith:ZSTM3EIR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"cond-mat/9702163","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.dis-nn","submitted_at":"1997-02-18T15:40:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["adap-org","cond-mat.stat-mech","nlin.AO"],"title_canon_sha256":"2594c6e307871c9c9c227a0dce144b8ce36587ec4e4d498ba3e49b48e1533030","abstract_canon_sha256":"96c1eca02354c7fe9585a437d19ec58a31aa886ad5d17e03066e57fec4ea522a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cca6cd9111ec75b6858cad5496e1a43be499774b82628c90923c0ac81f5990cf","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"cond-mat/9702163","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"cond-mat/9702163","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"cond-mat/9702163v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/9702163","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZSTM3EIR5R23","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZSTM3EIR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1997:ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"cond-mat/9702163","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.dis-nn","submitted_at":"1997-02-18T15:40:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["adap-org","cond-mat.stat-mech","nlin.AO"],"title_canon_sha256":"2594c6e307871c9c9c227a0dce144b8ce36587ec4e4d498ba3e49b48e1533030","abstract_canon_sha256":"96c1eca02354c7fe9585a437d19ec58a31aa886ad5d17e03066e57fec4ea522a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cca6cd9111ec75b6858cad5496e1a43be499774b82628c90923c0ac81f5990cf","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33.664103Z","signature_b64":"GyM++a0rGwIhDDtlMAZ2bosxVJ5byWjDAtoVMvzzGYzX/H50PJTYzXgoXgd5WVZ+ZvLkMqZXIspLu/WV9g56Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cca6cd9111ec75b6858cad5496e1a43be499774b82628c90923c0ac81f5990cf","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33.663664Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33.663664Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"cond-mat/9702163","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XTkoESKt+ynFcseVfhh3phpqFefI+QhbENI8j/MiM0frkP5CPIJtICtwUVB/x4o8Xwa2donfk9sJ+wNt0wFXDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:55:21.292952Z"},"content_sha256":"aa36eda3c1601caf50d280d936b95c8c912c37e74c98e8b11ece4d12dee130a9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aa36eda3c1601caf50d280d936b95c8c912c37e74c98e8b11ece4d12dee130a9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1997:ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rational Group Decision Making. A random field Ising model at T=0","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["adap-org","cond-mat.stat-mech","nlin.AO"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.dis-nn","authors_text":"Serge Galam (LMDH, Universite Paris 6)","submitted_at":"1997-02-18T15:40:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"A modified version of a finite random field Ising ferromagnetic model in an external magnetic field at zero temperature is presented to describe group decision making. Fields may have a non-zero average. A postulate of minimum inter-individual conflicts is assumed. Interactions then produce a group polarization along one very choice which is however randomly selected. A small external social pressure is shown to have a drastic effect on the polarization. Individual bias related to personal backgrounds, cultural values and past experiences are introduced via quenched local competing fields. The"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"cond-mat/9702163","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"v4YofwPWxV7l7VruCp6Mtd9w4u9K1Dedq5yORpSpRr2FwE3X9dLYPFP3+mfIPbgG2+XyFso+vu7WzDczKx5YDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:55:21.293299Z"},"content_sha256":"9cae8b46207a14f772a7c426d3743109091c08bf9e919406af22522951c4dd67","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9cae8b46207a14f772a7c426d3743109091c08bf9e919406af22522951c4dd67"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T20:55:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1997:ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMMVVKJNYNEHP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"96c1eca02354c7fe9585a437d19ec58a31aa886ad5d17e03066e57fec4ea522a","cross_cats_sorted":["adap-org","cond-mat.stat-mech","nlin.AO"],"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.dis-nn","submitted_at":"1997-02-18T15:40:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"2594c6e307871c9c9c227a0dce144b8ce36587ec4e4d498ba3e49b48e1533030"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"cond-mat/9702163","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"cond-mat/9702163","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"cond-mat/9702163v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/9702163","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZSTM3EIR5R23","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZSTM3EIR5R23NBMM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZSTM3EIR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9cae8b46207a14f772a7c426d3743109091c08bf9e919406af22522951c4dd67","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A modified version of a finite random field Ising ferromagnetic model in an external magnetic field at zero temperature is presented to describe group decision making. Fields may have a non-zero average. A postulate of minimum inter-individual conflicts is assumed. Interactions then produce a group polarization along one very choice which is however randomly selected. A small external social pressure is shown to have a drastic effect on the polarization. Individual bias related to personal backgrounds, cultural values and past experiences are introduced via quenched local competing fields. The","authors_text":"Serge Galam (LMDH, Universite Paris 6)","cross_cats":["adap-org","cond-mat.stat-mech","nlin.AO"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.dis-nn","submitted_at":"1997-02-18T15:40:05Z","title":"Rational Group Decision Making. A random field Ising model at T=0"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"cond-mat/9702163","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:aa36eda3c1601caf50d280d936b95c8c912c37e74c98e8b11ece4d12dee130a9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"96c1eca02354c7fe9585a437d19ec58a31aa886ad5d17e03066e57fec4ea522a","cross_cats_sorted":["adap-org","cond-mat.stat-mech","nlin.AO"],"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.dis-nn","submitted_at":"1997-02-18T15:40:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"2594c6e307871c9c9c227a0dce144b8ce36587ec4e4d498ba3e49b48e1533030"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"cond-mat/9702163","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"cca6cd9111ec75b6858cad5496e1a43be499774b82628c90923c0ac81f5990cf","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cca6cd9111ec75b6858cad5496e1a43be499774b82628c90923c0ac81f5990cf","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33.663664Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33.663664Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GyM++a0rGwIhDDtlMAZ2bosxVJ5byWjDAtoVMvzzGYzX/H50PJTYzXgoXgd5WVZ+ZvLkMqZXIspLu/WV9g56Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:39:33.664103Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"cond-mat/9702163","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:aa36eda3c1601caf50d280d936b95c8c912c37e74c98e8b11ece4d12dee130a9","sha256:9cae8b46207a14f772a7c426d3743109091c08bf9e919406af22522951c4dd67"],"state_sha256":"d8646c63fb196881b771da688bfd0f73707d587457f96c9a72deac0fffe18628"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"W5hv1CVsjXrR1N0lJyJIJcPk7HD/as1IJaa2Y0F2N7UQkfzTpyk9644lLxcQtWKpm/M+BfC69gLyKG6DnvOIDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:55:21.295239Z","bundle_sha256":"7993ba133ec0118d8e388d8888bf39cc7e1002d86dfa28f85b8a1a689c974962"}}