{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ","short_pith_number":"pith:ZW4KOY5U","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1009.3606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.BM","submitted_at":"2010-09-19T04:33:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.bio-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"303a3d90dfa7dc2dc53cb73b54157af0a03c2050e71acc3e1e4405ed52214c1b","abstract_canon_sha256":"0568e17415976317cf978dca0101cf747a9b0f2873940f50de233aed8cbfb3a7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cdb8a763b4da65add1c2304447a53d4a7bd637c0b49660f26df71606ca109741","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1009.3606","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1009.3606","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1009.3606v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1009.3606","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZW4KOY5U3JS2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZW4KOY5U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1009.3606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.BM","submitted_at":"2010-09-19T04:33:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.bio-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"303a3d90dfa7dc2dc53cb73b54157af0a03c2050e71acc3e1e4405ed52214c1b","abstract_canon_sha256":"0568e17415976317cf978dca0101cf747a9b0f2873940f50de233aed8cbfb3a7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cdb8a763b4da65add1c2304447a53d4a7bd637c0b49660f26df71606ca109741","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07.094361Z","signature_b64":"JOVAZdknPpgQgjO2gTFZ2/dK6Tu+jMg0G9byoF7bsMz6ZhDldYqYFS2XehMl7LxTUJU27DzJZHGKjHQOj5pKBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cdb8a763b4da65add1c2304447a53d4a7bd637c0b49660f26df71606ca109741","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07.093827Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07.093827Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1009.3606","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sWzxgocisseG/hEMcsJ0sT58b3oBf80pZgV0av94a4Eg84qRvAbhokv0UA/G2hPOF75IKpqmhWdtlpF7GosKDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T09:44:23.386536Z"},"content_sha256":"c2ce0de0994af2d8e645675c7476b2e7100c3a35a9b9d211fd137d5bb045333f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c2ce0de0994af2d8e645675c7476b2e7100c3a35a9b9d211fd137d5bb045333f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Cell-Penetrating Peptides, Electroporation, and Drug Delivery","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.bio-ph"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.BM","authors_text":"Kevin Cahill","submitted_at":"2010-09-19T04:33:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Certain short polycations, such as TAT and oligoarginine, rapidly pass through the plasma membranes of mammalian cells by a mechanism called transduction, as well as by endocytosis and macropinocytosis. These cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can carry with them cargos of 30 amino acids, more than the nominal limit of 500 Da and enough to be therapeutic. An analysis of the electrostatics of a charge outside the cell membrane and some recent experiments suggest that transduction may proceed by molecular electroporation. Ways to target diseased cells, rather than all cells, are discussed."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1009.3606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"o+Qq6Ulmdq45LDfvw25S6aUIbnDe7pCsoxE8Z+49fTqg4b2KhhSwt4EyM/nUCsAPPI7oCvojCgx0g6hS3PjdDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T09:44:23.387238Z"},"content_sha256":"f5dde1c8bd555e6c33b82072b2d31479b360a8375c10b078f30b7d26f5e103da","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f5dde1c8bd555e6c33b82072b2d31479b360a8375c10b078f30b7d26f5e103da"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T09:44:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOCGBCEPJJ5JJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0568e17415976317cf978dca0101cf747a9b0f2873940f50de233aed8cbfb3a7","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.bio-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.BM","submitted_at":"2010-09-19T04:33:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"303a3d90dfa7dc2dc53cb73b54157af0a03c2050e71acc3e1e4405ed52214c1b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1009.3606","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1009.3606","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1009.3606v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1009.3606","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZW4KOY5U3JS2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZW4KOY5U3JS23UOC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZW4KOY5U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f5dde1c8bd555e6c33b82072b2d31479b360a8375c10b078f30b7d26f5e103da","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Certain short polycations, such as TAT and oligoarginine, rapidly pass through the plasma membranes of mammalian cells by a mechanism called transduction, as well as by endocytosis and macropinocytosis. These cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can carry with them cargos of 30 amino acids, more than the nominal limit of 500 Da and enough to be therapeutic. An analysis of the electrostatics of a charge outside the cell membrane and some recent experiments suggest that transduction may proceed by molecular electroporation. Ways to target diseased cells, rather than all cells, are discussed.","authors_text":"Kevin Cahill","cross_cats":["physics.bio-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.BM","submitted_at":"2010-09-19T04:33:20Z","title":"Cell-Penetrating Peptides, Electroporation, and Drug Delivery"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1009.3606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c2ce0de0994af2d8e645675c7476b2e7100c3a35a9b9d211fd137d5bb045333f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0568e17415976317cf978dca0101cf747a9b0f2873940f50de233aed8cbfb3a7","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.bio-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.BM","submitted_at":"2010-09-19T04:33:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"303a3d90dfa7dc2dc53cb73b54157af0a03c2050e71acc3e1e4405ed52214c1b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1009.3606","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"cdb8a763b4da65add1c2304447a53d4a7bd637c0b49660f26df71606ca109741","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cdb8a763b4da65add1c2304447a53d4a7bd637c0b49660f26df71606ca109741","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07.093827Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07.093827Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"JOVAZdknPpgQgjO2gTFZ2/dK6Tu+jMg0G9byoF7bsMz6ZhDldYqYFS2XehMl7LxTUJU27DzJZHGKjHQOj5pKBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:07.094361Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1009.3606","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c2ce0de0994af2d8e645675c7476b2e7100c3a35a9b9d211fd137d5bb045333f","sha256:f5dde1c8bd555e6c33b82072b2d31479b360a8375c10b078f30b7d26f5e103da"],"state_sha256":"a6073e724bcc06f87a9af62afe1b0c55fd0a876bca72ed2505dfeca9bdb50832"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Ycs7pjIhOP2S5BT3lsjFy8QTz+C5drDPGqqLucxpbAlQcGT9HCkCpwQdmBmVw7EvjZSUqrjM4q66Iu6S6mMsAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T09:44:23.391467Z","bundle_sha256":"d3900db2d80a2dc33e771810f2a34074228b6bb4597ca7f854085f5cbc287c13"}}