{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA","short_pith_number":"pith:ZXUGQFG5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1611.02711","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-08T21:00:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"c0f93e65716246d754b582bf8bd2c7b7882f5ee977e331f80ddeff780186cbc0","abstract_canon_sha256":"daad1f48211ed3a6ce55d450209edee3b5a172b81f13523cad2705b926c2fb1f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cde86814dd0304107a614d0d5c54adc835ed4e65e69cd43df63518a27eb13a77","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1611.02711","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1611.02711","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1611.02711v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1611.02711","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZXUGQFG5AMCB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZXUGQFG5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1611.02711","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-08T21:00:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"c0f93e65716246d754b582bf8bd2c7b7882f5ee977e331f80ddeff780186cbc0","abstract_canon_sha256":"daad1f48211ed3a6ce55d450209edee3b5a172b81f13523cad2705b926c2fb1f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cde86814dd0304107a614d0d5c54adc835ed4e65e69cd43df63518a27eb13a77","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40.225285Z","signature_b64":"yTrOAXsJCnpnBOx1qP8t35hzaqFl9nGymI44TrUPix7rrmlWs8N9cAoAqrOo0Q2T+mK21/Y7I3o1LzdawAunBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cde86814dd0304107a614d0d5c54adc835ed4e65e69cd43df63518a27eb13a77","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40.224853Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40.224853Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1611.02711","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ghEoBqKJpgtACcN3Y2R/60a8YVnk+xmNjafH3vjCJNAss31+n32Mlr62Q0cCklJVQaYHZ3nTy/QyXjnvIfMYBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T02:16:43.451170Z"},"content_sha256":"968db2dc34eb1041c4d38207f5758965ad646b8c35d5bb3e37d63e867259eba4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:968db2dc34eb1041c4d38207f5758965ad646b8c35d5bb3e37d63e867259eba4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large Fluctuations in the High-Redshift Metagalactic Ionizing Background","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Anson D'Aloisio, Frederick B. Davies, Matthew McQuinn, Steven R. Furlanetto","submitted_at":"2016-11-08T21:00:36Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent observations have shown that the scatter in opacities among coeval segments of the Lyman-alpha forest increases rapidly at z > 5. In this paper, we assess whether the large scatter can be explained by fluctuations in the ionizing background in the post-reionization intergalactic medium. We find that matching the observed scatter at z ~ 5.5 requires a short spatially averaged mean free path of < 15 comoving Mpc/h, a factor of > 3 shorter than direct measurements at z ~ 5.2. We argue that such rapid evolution in the mean free path is difficult to reconcile with our measurements of the glo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.02711","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A5U4LrmruFYTsWE6+yvjERw4h29mc9/L2UQ9MCMasburkIm5ONS09LJn7rxERQLvqsNTAzVTonsc25txOaDGAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T02:16:43.451895Z"},"content_sha256":"c1006401a313e7fa78297ba43e387dbd5d5b969073bbfb8640490972364f5cff","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c1006401a313e7fa78297ba43e387dbd5d5b969073bbfb8640490972364f5cff"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T02:16:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TBJUGVYVFNZA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"daad1f48211ed3a6ce55d450209edee3b5a172b81f13523cad2705b926c2fb1f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-08T21:00:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"c0f93e65716246d754b582bf8bd2c7b7882f5ee977e331f80ddeff780186cbc0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1611.02711","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1611.02711","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1611.02711v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1611.02711","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZXUGQFG5AMCB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZXUGQFG5AMCBA6TB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZXUGQFG5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c1006401a313e7fa78297ba43e387dbd5d5b969073bbfb8640490972364f5cff","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent observations have shown that the scatter in opacities among coeval segments of the Lyman-alpha forest increases rapidly at z > 5. In this paper, we assess whether the large scatter can be explained by fluctuations in the ionizing background in the post-reionization intergalactic medium. We find that matching the observed scatter at z ~ 5.5 requires a short spatially averaged mean free path of < 15 comoving Mpc/h, a factor of > 3 shorter than direct measurements at z ~ 5.2. We argue that such rapid evolution in the mean free path is difficult to reconcile with our measurements of the glo","authors_text":"Anson D'Aloisio, Frederick B. Davies, Matthew McQuinn, Steven R. Furlanetto","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-08T21:00:36Z","title":"Large Fluctuations in the High-Redshift Metagalactic Ionizing Background"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.02711","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:968db2dc34eb1041c4d38207f5758965ad646b8c35d5bb3e37d63e867259eba4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"daad1f48211ed3a6ce55d450209edee3b5a172b81f13523cad2705b926c2fb1f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-08T21:00:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"c0f93e65716246d754b582bf8bd2c7b7882f5ee977e331f80ddeff780186cbc0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1611.02711","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"cde86814dd0304107a614d0d5c54adc835ed4e65e69cd43df63518a27eb13a77","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cde86814dd0304107a614d0d5c54adc835ed4e65e69cd43df63518a27eb13a77","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40.224853Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40.224853Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yTrOAXsJCnpnBOx1qP8t35hzaqFl9nGymI44TrUPix7rrmlWs8N9cAoAqrOo0Q2T+mK21/Y7I3o1LzdawAunBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:22:40.225285Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1611.02711","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:968db2dc34eb1041c4d38207f5758965ad646b8c35d5bb3e37d63e867259eba4","sha256:c1006401a313e7fa78297ba43e387dbd5d5b969073bbfb8640490972364f5cff"],"state_sha256":"f9394e93da1109b5613ab8799808c01c2ba84957dc4071a38545c1476263aae7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"unmAnwTe2eevZE5T/bEtSkC2piKM0vZlII3UwBHryppzJrc04wb7dYy98Z9tbpDi0X4kvfSc8Zm0AL2EIdITCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T02:16:43.456079Z","bundle_sha256":"2241301f0fcb539157fd516a4c9b203cd340faed460b1883b1f5b5a88adda820"}}