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arxiv 0907.5115 v2 pith:ZEYJHVDV submitted 2009-07-29 hep-ph astro-ph.SRhep-ex

Supernova neutrinos and antineutrinos: ternary luminosity diagram and spectral split patterns

classification hep-ph astro-ph.SRhep-ex
keywords energysplitsequipartitionpointssinglespectrasupernovaanti-e
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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In core-collapse supernovae, the nu_e and anti-nu_e species may experience collective flavor swaps to non-electron species nu_x, within energy intervals limited by relatively sharp boundaries ("splits"). These phenomena appear to depend sensitively upon the initial energy spectra and luminosities. We investigate the effect of generic variations of the fractional luminosities (l_e, l_{anti-e}, l_x) with respect to the usual "energy equipartition" case (1/6, 1/6, 1/6), within an early-time supernova scenario with fixed thermal spectra and total luminosity. We represent the constraint l_e+l_{anti-e}+4l_x=1 in a ternary diagram, which is explored via numerical experiments (in single-angle approximation) over an evenly-spaced grid of points. In inverted hierarchy, single splits arise in most cases, but an abrupt transition to double splits is observed for a few points surrounding the equipartition one. In normal hierarchy, collective effects turn out to be unobservable at all grid points but one, where single splits occur. Admissible deviations from equipartition may thus induce dramatic changes in the shape of supernova (anti)neutrino spectra. The observed patterns are interpreted in terms of initial flavor polarization vectors (defining boundaries for the single/double split transitions), lepton number conservation, and minimization of potential energy.

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  1. Investigating the Neutrino Mass Ordering Problem via Ternary Plots

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Normal and inverted neutrino mass orderings tend to occupy different regions in ternary space when supernova neutrino flavor compositions are plotted across several models.