Monte Carlo simulations show the superconductor-to-normal transition in U(1)^N lattice London models is discontinuous for N up to 7, with discontinuity strength non-monotonic in N, and the neutral superfluid transition is also first-order for N=3 and N=4.
Renormalization group flows of the N-component Abelian Higgs model
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abstract
Flows of the couplings of a theory of an N-component (complex) scalar field coupled to electrodynamics is investigated using the functional renormalization group formalism in d dimensions in covariant gauges. We find charged fixed points for any number of components in d=3, in accordance with the findings of [G. Fejos and T. Hatsuda, Phys. Rev. D 93, 121701 (2016)] for N=1. It is argued that the appropriate choice of the regulator matrix is indispensible to obtain such a result. Ward-Takahashi identites are analyzed in the presence of the regulator, and their compatibility with the flow equation is investigated in detail.
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Phase transitions and composite order in $\mathrm{U}(1)^N$ lattice London models
Monte Carlo simulations show the superconductor-to-normal transition in U(1)^N lattice London models is discontinuous for N up to 7, with discontinuity strength non-monotonic in N, and the neutral superfluid transition is also first-order for N=3 and N=4.