Nineteen years of Auger data confirm a 6.8 sigma large-scale dipole in cosmic-ray arrival directions above 8 EeV, with the amplitude growing and the direction shifting from Galactic to extragalactic around a few EeV.
Large scale distribution of ultra high energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory with zenith angles up to 80$^\circ$
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abstract
We present the results of an analysis of the large angular scale distribution of the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energy above 4 EeV detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory including for the first time events with zenith angle between $60^\circ$ and $80^\circ$. We perform two Rayleigh analyses, one in the right ascension and one in the azimuth angle distributions, that are sensitive to modulations in right ascension and declination, respectively. The largest departure from isotropy appears in the $E > 8$ EeV energy bin, with an amplitude for the first harmonic in right ascension $r_1^\alpha =(4.4 \pm 1.0){\times}10^{-2}$, that has a chance probability $P(\ge r_1^\alpha)=6.4{\times}10^{-5}$, reinforcing the hint previously reported with vertical events alone.
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Large-scale anisotropies of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Nineteen years of Auger data confirm a 6.8 sigma large-scale dipole in cosmic-ray arrival directions above 8 EeV, with the amplitude growing and the direction shifting from Galactic to extragalactic around a few EeV.