Lattice simulations in Rindler spacetime show that acceleration turns the confinement-deconfinement transition in gluodynamics into a spatial crossover that approximately follows the Tolman-Ehrenfest law, while the critical temperature stays unchanged.
Quantum corrections to the stress-energy tensor in thermodynamic equilibrium with acceleration
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abstract
We show that the stress-energy tensor has additional terms with respect to the ideal form in states of global thermodynamic equilibrium in flat spacetime with non-vanishing acceleration and vorticity. These corrections are of quantum origin and their leading terms are second order in the gradients of the thermodynamic fields. Their relevant coefficients can be expressed in terms of correlators of the stress-energy tensor operator and the generators of the Lorentz group. With respect to previous assessments, we find that there are more second order coefficients and that all thermodynamic functions including energy density receive acceleration and vorticity dependent corrections. Notably, also the relation between \rho and p, that is the equation of state, is affected by acceleration and vorticity. We have calculated the corrections for a free real scalar field -- both massive and massless -- and we have found that they increase, particularly for a massive field, at very high acceleration and vorticity and very low temperature. Finally, these non-ideal terms depend on the explicit form of the stress-energy operator, implying that different stress-energy tensor of the scalar field -- canonical or improved -- are thermodynamically inequivalent.
representative citing papers
Rotation lowers critical temperatures for chiral and deconfinement transitions in the Polyakov linear sigma model under causality constraints, with mechanical properties computed in the homogeneous limit.
citing papers explorer
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Spatial confinement-deconfinement transition in accelerated gluodynamics within lattice simulation
Lattice simulations in Rindler spacetime show that acceleration turns the confinement-deconfinement transition in gluodynamics into a spatial crossover that approximately follows the Tolman-Ehrenfest law, while the critical temperature stays unchanged.
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Linear sigma model with quarks and Polyakov loop in rotation: phase diagrams, Tolman-Ehrenfest law and mechanical properties
Rotation lowers critical temperatures for chiral and deconfinement transitions in the Polyakov linear sigma model under causality constraints, with mechanical properties computed in the homogeneous limit.