Persistent memory is necessary and sufficient for LLM poker agents to reach ToM levels 3-5 and use strategic deception, while agents without memory stay at level 0.
(2017) DeepStack: Expert-level artificial intelligence in heads-up no-limit poker.Science356(6337):508–513
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Readable Minds: Emergent Theory-of-Mind-Like Behavior in LLM Poker Agents
Persistent memory is necessary and sufficient for LLM poker agents to reach ToM levels 3-5 and use strategic deception, while agents without memory stay at level 0.