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Freeze-out conditions from net-proton and net-charge fluctuations at RHIC

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abstract

We calculate ratios of higher-order susceptibilities quantifying fluctuations in the number of net protons and in the net-electric charge using the Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model. We take into account the effect of resonance decays, the kinematic acceptance cuts in rapidity, pseudo-rapidity and transverse momentum used in the experimental analysis, as well as a randomization of the isospin of nucleons in the hadronic phase. By comparing these results to the latest experimental data from the STAR collaboration, we determine the freeze-out conditions from net-electric charge and net-proton distributions and discuss their consistency.

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2026 2 2019 1

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representative citing papers

Fierz-complete four-quark interactions and the QCD phase diagram

hep-ph · 2026-07-08 · conditional · novelty 6.0

Including Fierz-complete four-quark interactions in fRG-QCD shifts the predicted critical endpoint to (T, μ_B) = (102, 647) MeV and slightly increases the phase boundary curvature to κ₂ = 0.0151, while confirming σ and π channels dominate except near the CEP.

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