Treating the baryogenesis operator as part of the action yields modified Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations with an effective Planck mass M_eff² = M_Pl² - 2λ ∇_μ J^μ for the vector-density realization of the current.
Friction in Gravitational Waves: a test for early-time modified gravity
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abstract
Modified gravity theories predict in general a non standard equation for the propagation of gravitational waves. Here we discuss the impact of modified friction and speed of tensor modes on cosmic microwave polarization B modes. We show that the non standard friction term, parametrized by $\alpha_{M}$, is degenerate with the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, so that small values of $r$ can be compensated by negative constant values of $\alpha_M$. We quantify this degeneracy and its dependence on the epoch at which $\alpha_{M}$ is different from the standard, zero, value and on the speed of gravitational waves $c_{T}$. In the particular case of scalar-tensor theories, $\alpha_{M}$ is constant and strongly constrained by background and scalar perturbations, $0\le \alpha_{M}< 0.01$ and the degeneracy with $r$ is removed. In more general cases however such tight bounds are weakened and the B modes can provide useful constraints on early-time modified gravity.
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2026 2verdicts
UNVERDICTED 2representative citing papers
Using simulated binary black hole mergers and neutral hydrogen maps, the radio sirens method constrains H0 to 8% precision with 3000 high-SNR events, offering a 90% improvement over standard dark siren analyses.
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Gravitational baryogenesis beyond the spectator approximation
Treating the baryogenesis operator as part of the action yields modified Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations with an effective Planck mass M_eff² = M_Pl² - 2λ ∇_μ J^μ for the vector-density realization of the current.
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Radio sirens: inferring $H_0$ with binary black holes and neutral hydrogen in the era of the Einstein Telescope and the SKA Observatory
Using simulated binary black hole mergers and neutral hydrogen maps, the radio sirens method constrains H0 to 8% precision with 3000 high-SNR events, offering a 90% improvement over standard dark siren analyses.