In the 't Hooft model, the first excited pion has a few-percent strange-antistrange asymmetry, and the meson cloud model reproduces it but fails for charm-anticharm asymmetry.
Nonperturbative contribution to the strange-antistrange asymmetry of the nucleon sea
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abstract
We give predictions for the nonperturbative (intrinsic) contribution to the $s(x) - \bar{s}(x)$ asymmetry of the nucleon sea. For this purpose we use different light-front wave functions inspired by the AdS/QCD formalism, together with a model of the nucleon in terms of meson-baryon fluctuations. The holographic wave functions for an arbitrary number of constituents, recently derived by us, give results quite close to known parametrizations that appear in the literature.
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Strange-antistrange and charm-anticharm asymmetries of pion in 't Hooft model
In the 't Hooft model, the first excited pion has a few-percent strange-antistrange asymmetry, and the meson cloud model reproduces it but fails for charm-anticharm asymmetry.