LLMs encode accurate but brittle internal beliefs about latent game states and convert them poorly into actions, creating systematic gaps that explain strategic failures.
Action understanding as inverse planning.Cog- nition, 113(3):329–349, September 2009
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Why Do LLMs Struggle in Strategic Play? Broken Links Between Observations, Beliefs, and Actions
LLMs encode accurate but brittle internal beliefs about latent game states and convert them poorly into actions, creating systematic gaps that explain strategic failures.