In a disk model, cosmic-ray-driven chemistry converts gas-phase N2 and CO into ammonium salts and CO2 ice in the inner midplane, making ammonium cyanate and ammonium hydrosulfide the dominant N and S carriers inside ~50 au.
and Mikoviny, Tomas and Nielsen, Claus J
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Ammonium salt formation and abundance in protoplanetary disks
In a disk model, cosmic-ray-driven chemistry converts gas-phase N2 and CO into ammonium salts and CO2 ice in the inner midplane, making ammonium cyanate and ammonium hydrosulfide the dominant N and S carriers inside ~50 au.