In the 't Hooft model, the first excited pion has a few-percent strange-antistrange asymmetry, and the meson cloud model reproduces it but fails for charm-anticharm asymmetry.
Off-Forward Parton Distributions in 1+1 Dimensional QCD
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abstract
We use two-dimensional QCD as a toy laboratory to study off-forward parton distributions (OFPDs) in a covariant field theory. Exact expressions (to leading order in $1/N_C$) are presented for OFPDs in this model and are evaluated for some specific numerical examples. Special emphasis is put on comparing the $x>\zeta$ and $x<\zeta$ regimes as well as on analyzing the implications for the light-cone description of form factors.
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Strange-antistrange and charm-anticharm asymmetries of pion in 't Hooft model
In the 't Hooft model, the first excited pion has a few-percent strange-antistrange asymmetry, and the meson cloud model reproduces it but fails for charm-anticharm asymmetry.