ULDM oscillations in constants create directional signals in LISA/Taiji that survive TDI processing, with a new local observable improving sensitivity to dilaton-electron coupling d_e by three orders of magnitude over standard Michelson channels.
Distinguishing Monochromatic Signals in LISA and Taiji: Ultralight Dark Matter versus Gravitational Waves
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abstract
Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) is an attractive candidate for cold dark matter, one of the main mysterious components of the Universe. Recent studies suggest that gravitational-wave (GW) laser interferometers can also detect bosonic ULDM fields, which would produce monochromatic signals resembling those from gravitational waves (GWs). Distinguishing between these potential origins therefore would be essential. In this work, we develop a method to address this challenge for space-based GW interferometers (such as LISA and Taiji) by utilizing the null-response channel (NRC) in interferometric combinations, a channel constructed to have zero response to a specific type of source from a given direction. We find that while the GW NRC remains blind to GWs from a specific direction, it still responds to ULDM, particularly at frequencies above the interferometer's critical frequency. The ULDM NRC exhibits similar behavior. Based on these observations, we outline a test procedure to discriminate between signal origins. Our method provides a new diagnostic tool for analyzing monochromatic signals in space-based GW interferometers, potentially expanding the scientific scope of future missions.
years
2026 2verdicts
UNVERDICTED 2representative citing papers
Dynamic LISA/Taiji sensitivity curves exhibit 20% low-frequency variation and 70% directional source-count variation relative to static models, with quadrant patterns at low frequencies.
citing papers explorer
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Signatures of Ultralight Dark Matter in Space-Based Laser Interferometers
ULDM oscillations in constants create directional signals in LISA/Taiji that survive TDI processing, with a new local observable improving sensitivity to dilaton-electron coupling d_e by three orders of magnitude over standard Michelson channels.
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Construction of Sensitivity Curves for Dynamic LISA and Taiji
Dynamic LISA/Taiji sensitivity curves exhibit 20% low-frequency variation and 70% directional source-count variation relative to static models, with quadrant patterns at low frequencies.