Sub-critical magnetospheric accretion flows in X-ray pulsars cool to tens of eV near the surface and become partially ionized, contrary to the standard fully-ionized assumption.
Partially Ionized Plasmas in Astrophysics
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abstract
Partially ionized plasmas are found across the Universe in many different astrophysical environments. They constitute an essential ingredient of the solar atmosphere, molecular clouds, planetary ionospheres and protoplanetary disks, among other environments, and display a richness of physical effects which are not present in fully ionized plasmas. This review provides an overview of the physics of partially ionized plasmas, including recent advances in different astrophysical areas in which partial ionization plays a fundamental role. We outline outstanding observational and theoretical questions and discuss possible directions for future progress.
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Magnetospheric flows in X-ray pulsars II: Heating, cooling and ionization degree at sub-critical accretion
Sub-critical magnetospheric accretion flows in X-ray pulsars cool to tens of eV near the surface and become partially ionized, contrary to the standard fully-ionized assumption.