A unified 1PM formula gives the gravitational time delay of relativistic massive and massless particles by a radially moving Schwarzschild lens, matching known light and static limits.
Light propagation in 2PN approximation in the field of one moving monopole: I. Initial value problem
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abstract
In this investigation the light propagation in the gravitational field of one arbitrarily moving body with monopole structure is considered in the second post-Newtonian approximation. It is found that the light trajectory depends on the acceleration of the body. Some of these acceleration terms are important in order to get well-defined logarithmic functions with dimensionless arguments, while all the other acceleration terms are negligible on the pico-second level of accuracy in time-delay measurements. The expressions of the observables total light deflection and time delay are determined.
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Leading-order gravitational time delay of massive particles by a moving Schwarzschild lens
A unified 1PM formula gives the gravitational time delay of relativistic massive and massless particles by a radially moving Schwarzschild lens, matching known light and static limits.