A review arguing that cosmic-ray escape from sources, near-source regions, and galaxies is a self-regulated nonlinear process that shapes spectra and sets maximum energies, yet is often modeled with ad hoc boundary conditions.
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The problem of escape: a missing bit in the theory of the origin of cosmic rays
A review arguing that cosmic-ray escape from sources, near-source regions, and galaxies is a self-regulated nonlinear process that shapes spectra and sets maximum energies, yet is often modeled with ad hoc boundary conditions.