Minimal domain-wall Skyrmions in magnetized QCD are fermions with baryon number one that split from bosonic pairs without energy cost.
Josephson vortices and the Atiyah-Manton construction
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abstract
We show that sine-Gordon solitons appear in the low-energy effective theory of a domain wall in a U(1) gauge theory with two charged complex scalar fields with masses, if we introduce the Josephson interaction term between the scalar fields. We identify these sine-Gordon solitons as vortices or CP(1) sigma model instantons in the bulk, which are absorbed into the domain wall world-volume. These vortices can be called as Josephson vortices since they appear in Josephson junctions of two superconductors. This set up gives a physical realization of a lower dimensional analogue of Atiyah-Manton construction of Skyrmions from instanton holonomy.
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Fermionic domain-wall Skyrmions of QCD in a magnetic field
Minimal domain-wall Skyrmions in magnetized QCD are fermions with baryon number one that split from bosonic pairs without energy cost.