Simulations of an isolated, interacting Bose gas show that tracing out unmeasured degrees of freedom creates an effective bath, driving entanglement entropy and observables to thermal values in a bi-exponential way.
Why ETH? On thermalization and locality
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abstract
The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is foundational to modern discussions of thermalization in closed quantum systems. In this work, we expand on traditional explanations for the prevalence of ETH by emphasizing the role of operator locality. We introduce an operator-specific perturbation problem that can be thought of as a means of understanding the onset or breakdown of ETH for specific classes of operators in a given system. We derive explicit functional forms for the off-diagonal variances of operator matrix elements for typical local operators under various `scrambling ansatzes', expressed in terms of system parameters and parameters of the corresponding perturbation problem. We provide simple tests and illustrations of these ideas in chaotic spin chain systems.
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quant-ph 1years
2025 1verdicts
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Measurement-Induced Dynamical Quantum Thermalization
Simulations of an isolated, interacting Bose gas show that tracing out unmeasured degrees of freedom creates an effective bath, driving entanglement entropy and observables to thermal values in a bi-exponential way.