QCD sum-rule calculations give negative binding energies for toponium states consistent with near-threshold experimental signals and a central mass for the triply-top baryon slightly above three times the top-quark mass.
Heavy Quarkonium Spectrum and Production/Annihilation Rates to order $\beta_0^3\alpha_s^3$
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abstract
We compute the third-order corrections to the heavy quarkonium spectrum and production/annihilation rates due to the leading renormalization group running of the static potential. The previously known complete ${\cal O}(m_q\alpha_s^5)$ result for the heavy quarkonium ground state energy is extended to the exited states. After including the ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^3)$ corrections the perturbative results are in surprisingly good agreement with the experimental data on the masses of the excited $\Upsilon$ resonances and the leptonic width of the $\Upsilon(1S)$ meson. The impact of the corrections on the $\Upsilon$ sum rules and top quark-antiquark threshold production cross section is also discussed.
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QCD sum-rule calculations yield single-top baryon and meson masses near the top-quark mass, with a few channels slightly below the naive quark-sum threshold.
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Masses of Purely Top-Quark Bound States: Toponium and the Triply-Top Baryon
QCD sum-rule calculations give negative binding energies for toponium states consistent with near-threshold experimental signals and a central mass for the triply-top baryon slightly above three times the top-quark mass.
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Phenomenology of Hypothetical Single-Top Hadronic States
QCD sum-rule calculations yield single-top baryon and meson masses near the top-quark mass, with a few channels slightly below the naive quark-sum threshold.