StoqMa(k) equals StoqMa for any polynomial k via a positive value-based de Finetti theorem that approximates nonnegative product values with symmetric extensions.
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abstract
Although it is believed unlikely that $\NP$-hard problems admit efficient quantum algorithms, it has been shown that a quantum verifier can solve $\NP$-complete problems given a "short" quantum proof; more precisely, $\NP\subseteq \QMA_{\log}(2)$ where $\QMA_{\log}(2)$ denotes the class of quantum Merlin-Arthur games in which there are two unentangled provers who send two logarithmic size quantum witnesses to the verifier. The inclusion $\NP\subseteq \QMA_{\log}(2)$ has been proved by Blier and Tapp by stating a quantum Merlin-Arthur protocol for 3-coloring with perfect completeness and gap $\frac{1}{24n^6}$. Moreover, Aaronson {\it et al.} have shown the above inclusion with a constant gap by considering $\widetilde{O}(\sqrt{n})$ witnesses of logarithmic size. However, we still do not know if $\QMA_{\log}(2)$ with a constant gap contains $\NP$. In this paper, we show that 3-SAT admits a $\QMA_{\log}(2)$ protocol with the gap $\frac{1}{n^{3+\epsilon}}$ for every constant $\epsilon>0$.
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quant-ph 2years
2026 2verdicts
UNVERDICTED 2roles
background 1polarities
background 1representative citing papers
StoqMA(2) contains NP with Õ(√n)-qubit proofs and completeness error 2^{-polylog(n)}, is contained in EXP, and satisfies StoqMA(k)=StoqMA(2) for k≥2 when completeness error is negligible.
citing papers explorer
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The Collapse of Unentangled Stoquastic Merlin-Arthur Proof Systems
StoqMa(k) equals StoqMa for any polynomial k via a positive value-based de Finetti theorem that approximates nonnegative product values with symmetric extensions.
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Unentangled stoquastic Merlin-Arthur proof systems: the power of unentanglement without destructive interference
StoqMA(2) contains NP with Õ(√n)-qubit proofs and completeness error 2^{-polylog(n)}, is contained in EXP, and satisfies StoqMA(k)=StoqMA(2) for k≥2 when completeness error is negligible.