Impurity-induced density ripples in a nodal superconductor carry a vortex whose integer vorticity equals the topological winding difference of the wavefunctions at the two connected nodes, under explicit conditions on the impurity and the STM tip.
Around each node there is a winding number given by the winding of the eigenvalues of the Q-matrix: ξk,± = ϵk ± i∆k ≈ vF q⊥ ± iv∆q∥
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Detecting the topological winding of superconducting nodes via Local Density of States
Impurity-induced density ripples in a nodal superconductor carry a vortex whose integer vorticity equals the topological winding difference of the wavefunctions at the two connected nodes, under explicit conditions on the impurity and the STM tip.