In BFSS matrix theory, the sign problem is nonzero at large N but first appears at 10-loop order, giving ⟨cosθ⟩ ≈ exp(−9×10⁻⁹ N²(λβ³)⁵).
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An effective field theory approach to the sign problem in BFSS
In BFSS matrix theory, the sign problem is nonzero at large N but first appears at 10-loop order, giving ⟨cosθ⟩ ≈ exp(−9×10⁻⁹ N²(λβ³)⁵).